Bellwood

First Migrants

• Gebundenes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Peter Bellwood's global perspective on human migration offers an unprecedented view of the evolution of human lifeways. Charting the fascinating story of human migration throughout prehistory, the author takes the reader on an archaeological odyssey from humanity's origins in Africa two million years ago, through the challenges and dislocations of the Ice Ages, to the continental migrations of agricultural peoples within the last 10,000 years.

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The first publication to outline the complex global story of human migration and dispersal throughout the whole of human prehistory. Utilizing archaeological, linguistic and biological evidence, Peter Bellwood traces the journeys of the earliest hunter-gatherer and agriculturalist migrants as critical elements in the evolution of human lifeways. * The first volume to chart global human migration and population dispersal throughout the whole of human prehistory, in all regions of the world * An archaeological odyssey that details the initial spread of early humans out of Africa approximately two million years ago, through the Ice Ages, and down to the continental and island migrations of agricultural populations within the past 10,000 years * Employs archaeological, linguistic and biological evidence to demonstrate how migration has always been a vital and complex element in explaining the evolution of the human species * Outlines how significant migrations have affected population diversity in every region of the world * Clarifies the importance of the development of agriculture as a migratory imperative in later prehistory * Fully referenced with detailed maps throughout

Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 328
• Erscheinungstermin: 30. August 2013
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 250mm x 175mm x 22mm
• Gewicht: 749g
• ISBN-13: 9781405189095
• ISBN-10: 1405189096
• Artikelnr.: 37259883

Autorenporträt

Peter Bellwood is Professor of Archaeology at the Australian National University. A renowned authority in a field driven by contesting paradigms, his vast experience and detailed empirical research have informed his widely-translated publications, especially covering South East Asia and the Pacific. Recent key works include The Encyclopedia of Global Human Migration, Volume 1: Prehistory (2013), co-edited with Immanuel Ness, First Farmers (Wiley-Blackwell, 2005), Prehistory of the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago (second edition 1997, reprinted 2007), and Examining the Farming/Language Dispersal Hypothesis (2002), co-edited with Colin Renfrew. His research integrates a range of techniques from archaeology, linguistics, and human biology, and he is currently engaged in archaeological research in Vietnam and the Philippines.

Inhaltsangabe

List of Figures ix Preface xiv A Note on Dating Terminology xvi
Acknowledgements xvii 1 The Relevance and Reality of Ancient Migration 1
Migration in Prehistoric Times 4 Hypothesizing About Prehistoric Migrations
6 Migrations in History and Ethnography 8 The Helvetii 8 Ancient China 9
Medieval Iceland 10 The Nuer of Sudan 10 The Iban of Sarawak 12 Relevance
for Prehistoric Migration? 13 2 Making Inferences About Prehistoric
Migration 17 Changes in Time and Space - Genes, Languages, Cultures 18
Human Biology, Genetics, and Migration 19 Demic Diffusion 21 Language
Families and the Study of Migration in Prehistory 22 Language Family
Spread: Lessons from Recent History 26 Language Family Spread: Lessons from
Anthropology 28 Dating the Spreads of Language Families 29 Cultures in
Archaeology - Do They Equate with Linguistic and Biological Populations? 30
Archaeology and the Study of Migration in Prehistory 32 One End of the
Spectrum - Intensive Culture Change without Significant Migration 32 The
Other End of the Spectrum - Intensive Cultural Change with Significant
Migration 33 3 Migrating Hominins and the Rise of Our Own Species 36
Behavioral Characteristics and Origins of Early Hominins in Africa 38 First
Hominin Migration(s) - Out of Africa 1 41 Unfolding Species in Time and
Space 46 Java, Flores, and Crossing the Sea 48 Out of Africa 2? 50 Out of
Africa 3? The Origins of H. sapiens 52 The Recognition of Modern Humans in
Biology and Archaeology 54 The Expansion of Modern Humans Across the
African and Eurasian Continents, 130,000-45,000 Years Ago 58 Africa 58 The
Levant and Southern Asia 60 Northern and Western Eurasia 63 The Fate of the
Neanderthals 66 Explanations? 67 4 Beyond Eurasia: The Pioneers of
Unpeopled Lands - Wallacea and Beyond, Australia, The Americas 71 Crossing
the Sea Beyond Sundaland 72 How Many Settlers? 74 The First
Australo-Melanesians 76 The Archaeology of Island Colonization - Wallacea,
Melanesia, Australia 77 Heading North and Offshore Again - Japan 81 The
Americas 83 Getting to Beringia 84 Circumventing the Ice 88 The Rapid
Unfolding of American Colonization 90 5 Hunter-Gatherer Migrations in a
Warming Postglacial World 96 Postglacial Recolonizations in Northern
Eurasia 97 After the First Americans: Further Migrations Across Bering
Strait 101 Na-Dene and Yeniseian 101 The Apachean Migration 104 The
Holocene Colonizations of Arctic Coastal North America 105 The Thule
Migration and the Inuit 107 The Early Holocene Colonization of a Green
Sahara 109 Continental Shelves and Their Significance for Human Migration
112 Holocene Australia - Pama-Nyungan Migration? 113 Linguistic Prehistory
during the Australian Holocene 117 Who Were the Ancestral Pama-Nyungans?
119 6 The First Farmers and Their Offspring 123 Where and When Did Food
Production Begin? 124 Why Did Food Production Develop in Some Places, but
Not Others? 127 Why Was Domesticated Food Production Relatively Slow to
Develop? 128 Food Production and Population Expansion 129 The Neolithic 133
Food Production as the Driving Force of Early Agriculturalist Migration 135
7 The Fertile Crescent Food Production Complex 140 Agricultural Origins in
the Fertile Crescent 141 Neolithic and Chalcolithic Expansion Beyond the
Fertile Crescent 147 Anatolia and Southeastern Europe 147 Neolithic
Migration Beyond Greece and the Balkans 149 The Steppes and Central Asia
151 Iran, Pakistan, and South Asia Beyond the Indus 153 Linguistic History
and the Spread of the Fertile Crescent Food Production Complex 157
Perspectives from Indo-European 157 The Possible Significance of the Turkic
and Yeniseian Languages in Central Asia 163 West Eurasian Genetic and
Population History in the Holocene 165 Peninsular Indian Archaeology and
Dravidian Linguistic History 168 The Spread of the Fertile Crescent
Food-Producing Economy into North Africa 169 The Fertile Crescent Food
Production Complex and Its Impact on Holocene Prehistory in Western Eurasia
172 8 The East Asian and Western Pacific Food Production Complexes 178
Agricultural Origins in the Yellow and Yangzi Basins of East Asia 178
Migrations from the Yellow River Basin 181 Migrations from the Yangzi Basin
- Mainland Southeast Asia 182 Early Rice and the Linguistic Record 187
Genetics, Human Biology, and the East Asian Mainland during the Holocene
189 Island Southeast Asia and Oceania 191 The Colonization of Oceania 194
The History of the Austronesian Language Family 197 Biological Anthropology
and the Austronesians 201 The East Asian and Western Pacific Food
Production Complexes and Their Impacts on Holocene Prehistory 204 9 The
African and American Food Production Complexes 210 Food Production in
Sub-Saharan Africa 211 West Africa and the Niger-Congo-Speaking Populations
213 The African Food Production Complex in Perspective 218 Holocene
Migrations in the Americas 219 The Central Andes 221 Amazonia 224 The
Caribbean Islands 228 Mesoamerica 229 Northern Mesoamerica, the
Southwestern United States, and the Uto-Aztecans 230 The Eastern Woodlands
234 The American Food Production Complexes and Their Impacts on Holocene
Prehistory 238 10 The Role of Migration in the History of Humanity 243
References 249 Index 299

Rezensionen

"Bellwood rebalances our understanding of cultural evolution to show colonization and immigration as prime movers in spreading languages, religions and people, and in generating the diversity of ancient societies' material cultures." -- Norman Hammond, Boston University

"Peter Bellwood has given us a monumental, invaluable, thoughtful survey of human migration, around the whole world, from 2 million years ago until modern times." -- Jared Diamond, University of California, Los Angeles

"In sum, First Migrantsis a commendable effort to synthesize a growing body of literature on the subject and will serve as a useful and much needed text for courses on the subject. For those generally unfamiliar with different parts of the world and why people moved to and fro, Bellwood has offered an attractive resource and one which should prove useful in that regard for years to come." (American Antiquity, 1 July 2014)

"This is a significant contribution to our understanding of world archaeology." (Antiquity, 1 June 2014)