Douglass K. Macintire, Kenneth J. Drobatz, Steven C. Haskins, William D. Saxon
Manual of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine (eBook, ePUB)
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Douglass K. Macintire, Kenneth J. Drobatz, Steven C. Haskins, William D. Saxon
Manual of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine (eBook, ePUB)
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Manual of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Second Edition presents essential information on common emergencies in small animals using a concise, practical outline format. Offering a thorough update to this classic reference, the new edition provides new chapters on orthopedic injuries and wound management, significant revisions to the treatment protocols, and expanded toxicology information, as well as new references and drug information. The book retains its logical division into two parts, the first covering initial stabilization and the second offering a systems approach…mehr
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Manual of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Second Edition presents essential information on common emergencies in small animals using a concise, practical outline format. Offering a thorough update to this classic reference, the new edition provides new chapters on orthopedic injuries and wound management, significant revisions to the treatment protocols, and expanded toxicology information, as well as new references and drug information. The book retains its logical division into two parts, the first covering initial stabilization and the second offering a systems approach to specific conditions. As in the previous edition, chapters are extensively indexed and cross-referenced to facilitate ease of use in emergency situations. With many formulas, tables, drug dosages, and illustrations, Manual of Small Animal Emergency and Critical Care Medicine is an indispensable, convenient resource for busy emergency clinicians, whether they are new graduates or seasoned professionals.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 704
- Erscheinungstermin: 29. Mai 2012
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781118351130
- Artikelnr.: 37346676
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 704
- Erscheinungstermin: 29. Mai 2012
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781118351130
- Artikelnr.: 37346676
Douglass K. Macintire was previously Director of Intensive Care, College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Small Animal Surgery and Medicine, Auburn University and a Diplomate of ACVIM and ACVECC. Kenneth J. Drobatz is Director, Trauma Emergency Service, and Professor and Chief of Critical Care, Matthew J. Ryan Veterinary Hospital, University of Pennsylvania, and a Diplomate of ACVIM and ACVECC. Steven C. Haskins is Director, Small Animal Intensive Care Unit, Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis and is a Diplomate of ACVA and ACVECC. William D. Saxon is Telemedicine Consultant, IDEXX and a Diplomate of ACVIM and ACVECC.
Part I: Life Support Initial Stabilization, Monitoring and Intesive Care of the Critically Ill Patient. 1. Approach to the Patient. 2. Emergency Room Readiness. 3. Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation (CPCR). 4. Shock. 5. Anethetic Protocols for Short Procedures. 6. Fluid Therapy. 7. Monitoring Critical Patients. 8. Nutritional Support of Critical Patients. Part II: Specific Protocols and Procedures for Emergency Conditions. 9. Respiratory Emergencies. 10. Cardiac Emergencies. 11. Gastrointestinal Emergencies. 12. Urologic Emergencies. 13. Neurologic Emergencies. 14. Hematologic Emergencies. 15. Endocrine and Metabolic Emergencies. 16. Reproductive Emergencies. 17. Pediatric Emergencies. 18. Ocular Emergencies. 19. Othopedic Emergencies. 20. Dermatologic Emergencies. 21. Miscellaneous Emergencies. 22. Wound Management. Appendices
CONTRIBUTORS
x PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION
xi PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION
xii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
xiii PART I LIFE SUPPORT AND INITIAL STABILIZATION
MONITORING
AND INTENSIVE CARE OF THE CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT 1 1 APPROACH TO THE EMERGENCY PATIENT
3 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Initial Preparation and Management
3 The Primary Survey: Initial Examination to Identify Life-Threatening Problems
4 Brief History
12 Thorough Secondary Survey
12 2 EMERGENCY ROOM READINESS
17 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Being Prepared
17 Equipment Recommendations
17 Recommended Supplies
18 Recommended Drugs
19 3 CARDIOPULMONARY-CEREBRAL RESUSCITATION (CPCR)
21 Steve C. Haskins Causes
21 Clinical Signs
21 The Nature of Cell Injury During Cardiac Arrest
21 Prognosis/General Recommendations
22 Treatment
22 Electrical Activity of the Heart
27 Postresuscitative Care
28 4 SHOCK
30 Steve C. Haskins Definition
30 Categories of Shock
30 Systemic Inflammatory Response
30 Multiple Organ Dysfunction
31 Monitoring and Identifying Treatment Opportunities
31 Treatment of Shock with Special Emphasis on Septic Shock and MODS
31 Treatment of Anaphylactic Shock
40 5 ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
41 Steve C. Haskins Overview of Anesthesia in Critically Ill Patients
41 Guidelines for Anesthesia in Critically Ill Patients
42 Specific Drugs Used for Anesthesia in Critical Patients
44 Anesthesia Concerns and Protocols for Common Conditions
54 Overview of Analgesia
57 Analgesia Drugs and Techniques
58 6 FLUID THERAPY
63 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Body Fluid Compartments
63 Crystalloid Solutions
65 Colloid Solutions
69 Specific Conditions Requiring Fluid Therapy
75 7 MONITORING
85 Steve C. Haskins Cardiovascular Monitoring
85 Respiratory Monitoring
102 Urologic Monitoring
106 Neurologic Monitoring
109 8 NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT OF CRITICAL PATIENTS
116 Steve C. Haskins Acute Malnutrition
116 Methods and Procedures of Providing Enteral Nutrition
117 Methods and Procedures of Providing Parenteral Nutrition
132 Nutrition as an Aid to Medical Therapy (Pharmaconutrition)
134 PART II SPECIFIC PROTOCOLS AND PROCEDURES FOR EMERGENCY CONDITIONS 137 9 RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES
139 Kenneth J. Drobatz and Douglass K. Macintire General Approach/Methods of Oxygen Delivery
139 Upper Airway Obstruction (Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea)
142 Pleural Space Disease
154 Lower Airway Disease
171 Parenchymal Disease
179 Cyanosis
185 Mechanical Ventilation
185 10 CARDIAC EMERGENCIES
192 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
192 Diagnosis
193 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
193 Management of Specific Conditions
199 11 GASTROINTESTINAL EMERGENCIES
226 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
226 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
226 Management of Specific Conditions
231 12 UROLOGIC EMERGENCIES
269 Kenneth J. Drobatz and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
269 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
270 Management of Specific Conditions
279 13 NEUROLOGIC EMERGENCIES
297 Michelle B. Carnes
Douglass K. Macintire
and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
297 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
297 Management of Specific Conditions
298 14 HEMATOLOGIC EMERGENCIES
333 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
333 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
335 Management of Specific Conditions
342 15 ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC EMERGENCIES
355 William D. Saxon
Kenneth J. Drobatz
and Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
355 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
355 Management of Specific Conditions
359 16 REPRODUCTIVE EMERGENCIES
397 Douglass K. Macintire and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
397 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
398 Management of Specific Conditions
399 17 PEDIATRIC EMERGENCIES
405 Douglass K. Macintire and William D. Saxon Resuscitation of Neonates (Birth to 2 weeks)
405 Diseases of Infant Animals (2-6 weeks)
410 Diseases of Juvenile Animals (6-12 weeks)
413 18 OCULAR EMERGENCIES
418 William D. Saxon and Deborah Mandell Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
418 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
419 Management of Specific Conditions
421 19 DERMATOLOGIC EMERGENCIES
441 Robert Kennis and Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs and Diagnosis
441 Diagnostic Procedures
442 Management of Specific Conditions
443 20 TOXICOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
453 Kenneth J. Drobatz Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
453 Initial Approach to the Poisoned Patient
454 Management of Specific Toxicities
457 21 MISCELLANEOUS EMERGENCIES
479 William D. Saxon
Kenneth J. Drobatz
and Douglass K. Macintire Heat Illness
479 Hypothermia
481 Frostbite
484 Near Drowning (Submersion Injury)
485 Insect and Spider Bites
487 Snakebites
490 Electrocution
493 Fever of Unknown Origin
495 APPENDICES
499 A. Calibration Tables for the Schiötz Tonometer
499 B. Normal Values for the Canine and Feline Electrocardiogram
501 C. CPCR Guidelines
502 D. Common Equations
505 E. Constant Rate Infusions
506 F. Conversion Tables
511 G. Normal Values for Oxygen and Hemodynamic Parameters
514 H. Toxicology
517 I. Transfusion Guide
522 J. Drug Formulary
524 K. Guidelines for Anesthesia in Animals with Critical Problems
652 INDEX
657
x PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION
xi PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION
xii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
xiii PART I LIFE SUPPORT AND INITIAL STABILIZATION
MONITORING
AND INTENSIVE CARE OF THE CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT 1 1 APPROACH TO THE EMERGENCY PATIENT
3 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Initial Preparation and Management
3 The Primary Survey: Initial Examination to Identify Life-Threatening Problems
4 Brief History
12 Thorough Secondary Survey
12 2 EMERGENCY ROOM READINESS
17 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Being Prepared
17 Equipment Recommendations
17 Recommended Supplies
18 Recommended Drugs
19 3 CARDIOPULMONARY-CEREBRAL RESUSCITATION (CPCR)
21 Steve C. Haskins Causes
21 Clinical Signs
21 The Nature of Cell Injury During Cardiac Arrest
21 Prognosis/General Recommendations
22 Treatment
22 Electrical Activity of the Heart
27 Postresuscitative Care
28 4 SHOCK
30 Steve C. Haskins Definition
30 Categories of Shock
30 Systemic Inflammatory Response
30 Multiple Organ Dysfunction
31 Monitoring and Identifying Treatment Opportunities
31 Treatment of Shock with Special Emphasis on Septic Shock and MODS
31 Treatment of Anaphylactic Shock
40 5 ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
41 Steve C. Haskins Overview of Anesthesia in Critically Ill Patients
41 Guidelines for Anesthesia in Critically Ill Patients
42 Specific Drugs Used for Anesthesia in Critical Patients
44 Anesthesia Concerns and Protocols for Common Conditions
54 Overview of Analgesia
57 Analgesia Drugs and Techniques
58 6 FLUID THERAPY
63 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Body Fluid Compartments
63 Crystalloid Solutions
65 Colloid Solutions
69 Specific Conditions Requiring Fluid Therapy
75 7 MONITORING
85 Steve C. Haskins Cardiovascular Monitoring
85 Respiratory Monitoring
102 Urologic Monitoring
106 Neurologic Monitoring
109 8 NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT OF CRITICAL PATIENTS
116 Steve C. Haskins Acute Malnutrition
116 Methods and Procedures of Providing Enteral Nutrition
117 Methods and Procedures of Providing Parenteral Nutrition
132 Nutrition as an Aid to Medical Therapy (Pharmaconutrition)
134 PART II SPECIFIC PROTOCOLS AND PROCEDURES FOR EMERGENCY CONDITIONS 137 9 RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES
139 Kenneth J. Drobatz and Douglass K. Macintire General Approach/Methods of Oxygen Delivery
139 Upper Airway Obstruction (Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea)
142 Pleural Space Disease
154 Lower Airway Disease
171 Parenchymal Disease
179 Cyanosis
185 Mechanical Ventilation
185 10 CARDIAC EMERGENCIES
192 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
192 Diagnosis
193 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
193 Management of Specific Conditions
199 11 GASTROINTESTINAL EMERGENCIES
226 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
226 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
226 Management of Specific Conditions
231 12 UROLOGIC EMERGENCIES
269 Kenneth J. Drobatz and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
269 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
270 Management of Specific Conditions
279 13 NEUROLOGIC EMERGENCIES
297 Michelle B. Carnes
Douglass K. Macintire
and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
297 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
297 Management of Specific Conditions
298 14 HEMATOLOGIC EMERGENCIES
333 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
333 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
335 Management of Specific Conditions
342 15 ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC EMERGENCIES
355 William D. Saxon
Kenneth J. Drobatz
and Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
355 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
355 Management of Specific Conditions
359 16 REPRODUCTIVE EMERGENCIES
397 Douglass K. Macintire and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
397 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
398 Management of Specific Conditions
399 17 PEDIATRIC EMERGENCIES
405 Douglass K. Macintire and William D. Saxon Resuscitation of Neonates (Birth to 2 weeks)
405 Diseases of Infant Animals (2-6 weeks)
410 Diseases of Juvenile Animals (6-12 weeks)
413 18 OCULAR EMERGENCIES
418 William D. Saxon and Deborah Mandell Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
418 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
419 Management of Specific Conditions
421 19 DERMATOLOGIC EMERGENCIES
441 Robert Kennis and Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs and Diagnosis
441 Diagnostic Procedures
442 Management of Specific Conditions
443 20 TOXICOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
453 Kenneth J. Drobatz Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
453 Initial Approach to the Poisoned Patient
454 Management of Specific Toxicities
457 21 MISCELLANEOUS EMERGENCIES
479 William D. Saxon
Kenneth J. Drobatz
and Douglass K. Macintire Heat Illness
479 Hypothermia
481 Frostbite
484 Near Drowning (Submersion Injury)
485 Insect and Spider Bites
487 Snakebites
490 Electrocution
493 Fever of Unknown Origin
495 APPENDICES
499 A. Calibration Tables for the Schiötz Tonometer
499 B. Normal Values for the Canine and Feline Electrocardiogram
501 C. CPCR Guidelines
502 D. Common Equations
505 E. Constant Rate Infusions
506 F. Conversion Tables
511 G. Normal Values for Oxygen and Hemodynamic Parameters
514 H. Toxicology
517 I. Transfusion Guide
522 J. Drug Formulary
524 K. Guidelines for Anesthesia in Animals with Critical Problems
652 INDEX
657
Part I: Life Support Initial Stabilization, Monitoring and Intesive Care of the Critically Ill Patient. 1. Approach to the Patient. 2. Emergency Room Readiness. 3. Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation (CPCR). 4. Shock. 5. Anethetic Protocols for Short Procedures. 6. Fluid Therapy. 7. Monitoring Critical Patients. 8. Nutritional Support of Critical Patients. Part II: Specific Protocols and Procedures for Emergency Conditions. 9. Respiratory Emergencies. 10. Cardiac Emergencies. 11. Gastrointestinal Emergencies. 12. Urologic Emergencies. 13. Neurologic Emergencies. 14. Hematologic Emergencies. 15. Endocrine and Metabolic Emergencies. 16. Reproductive Emergencies. 17. Pediatric Emergencies. 18. Ocular Emergencies. 19. Othopedic Emergencies. 20. Dermatologic Emergencies. 21. Miscellaneous Emergencies. 22. Wound Management. Appendices
CONTRIBUTORS
x PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION
xi PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION
xii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
xiii PART I LIFE SUPPORT AND INITIAL STABILIZATION
MONITORING
AND INTENSIVE CARE OF THE CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT 1 1 APPROACH TO THE EMERGENCY PATIENT
3 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Initial Preparation and Management
3 The Primary Survey: Initial Examination to Identify Life-Threatening Problems
4 Brief History
12 Thorough Secondary Survey
12 2 EMERGENCY ROOM READINESS
17 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Being Prepared
17 Equipment Recommendations
17 Recommended Supplies
18 Recommended Drugs
19 3 CARDIOPULMONARY-CEREBRAL RESUSCITATION (CPCR)
21 Steve C. Haskins Causes
21 Clinical Signs
21 The Nature of Cell Injury During Cardiac Arrest
21 Prognosis/General Recommendations
22 Treatment
22 Electrical Activity of the Heart
27 Postresuscitative Care
28 4 SHOCK
30 Steve C. Haskins Definition
30 Categories of Shock
30 Systemic Inflammatory Response
30 Multiple Organ Dysfunction
31 Monitoring and Identifying Treatment Opportunities
31 Treatment of Shock with Special Emphasis on Septic Shock and MODS
31 Treatment of Anaphylactic Shock
40 5 ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
41 Steve C. Haskins Overview of Anesthesia in Critically Ill Patients
41 Guidelines for Anesthesia in Critically Ill Patients
42 Specific Drugs Used for Anesthesia in Critical Patients
44 Anesthesia Concerns and Protocols for Common Conditions
54 Overview of Analgesia
57 Analgesia Drugs and Techniques
58 6 FLUID THERAPY
63 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Body Fluid Compartments
63 Crystalloid Solutions
65 Colloid Solutions
69 Specific Conditions Requiring Fluid Therapy
75 7 MONITORING
85 Steve C. Haskins Cardiovascular Monitoring
85 Respiratory Monitoring
102 Urologic Monitoring
106 Neurologic Monitoring
109 8 NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT OF CRITICAL PATIENTS
116 Steve C. Haskins Acute Malnutrition
116 Methods and Procedures of Providing Enteral Nutrition
117 Methods and Procedures of Providing Parenteral Nutrition
132 Nutrition as an Aid to Medical Therapy (Pharmaconutrition)
134 PART II SPECIFIC PROTOCOLS AND PROCEDURES FOR EMERGENCY CONDITIONS 137 9 RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES
139 Kenneth J. Drobatz and Douglass K. Macintire General Approach/Methods of Oxygen Delivery
139 Upper Airway Obstruction (Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea)
142 Pleural Space Disease
154 Lower Airway Disease
171 Parenchymal Disease
179 Cyanosis
185 Mechanical Ventilation
185 10 CARDIAC EMERGENCIES
192 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
192 Diagnosis
193 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
193 Management of Specific Conditions
199 11 GASTROINTESTINAL EMERGENCIES
226 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
226 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
226 Management of Specific Conditions
231 12 UROLOGIC EMERGENCIES
269 Kenneth J. Drobatz and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
269 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
270 Management of Specific Conditions
279 13 NEUROLOGIC EMERGENCIES
297 Michelle B. Carnes
Douglass K. Macintire
and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
297 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
297 Management of Specific Conditions
298 14 HEMATOLOGIC EMERGENCIES
333 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
333 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
335 Management of Specific Conditions
342 15 ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC EMERGENCIES
355 William D. Saxon
Kenneth J. Drobatz
and Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
355 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
355 Management of Specific Conditions
359 16 REPRODUCTIVE EMERGENCIES
397 Douglass K. Macintire and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
397 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
398 Management of Specific Conditions
399 17 PEDIATRIC EMERGENCIES
405 Douglass K. Macintire and William D. Saxon Resuscitation of Neonates (Birth to 2 weeks)
405 Diseases of Infant Animals (2-6 weeks)
410 Diseases of Juvenile Animals (6-12 weeks)
413 18 OCULAR EMERGENCIES
418 William D. Saxon and Deborah Mandell Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
418 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
419 Management of Specific Conditions
421 19 DERMATOLOGIC EMERGENCIES
441 Robert Kennis and Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs and Diagnosis
441 Diagnostic Procedures
442 Management of Specific Conditions
443 20 TOXICOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
453 Kenneth J. Drobatz Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
453 Initial Approach to the Poisoned Patient
454 Management of Specific Toxicities
457 21 MISCELLANEOUS EMERGENCIES
479 William D. Saxon
Kenneth J. Drobatz
and Douglass K. Macintire Heat Illness
479 Hypothermia
481 Frostbite
484 Near Drowning (Submersion Injury)
485 Insect and Spider Bites
487 Snakebites
490 Electrocution
493 Fever of Unknown Origin
495 APPENDICES
499 A. Calibration Tables for the Schiötz Tonometer
499 B. Normal Values for the Canine and Feline Electrocardiogram
501 C. CPCR Guidelines
502 D. Common Equations
505 E. Constant Rate Infusions
506 F. Conversion Tables
511 G. Normal Values for Oxygen and Hemodynamic Parameters
514 H. Toxicology
517 I. Transfusion Guide
522 J. Drug Formulary
524 K. Guidelines for Anesthesia in Animals with Critical Problems
652 INDEX
657
x PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION
xi PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION
xii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
xiii PART I LIFE SUPPORT AND INITIAL STABILIZATION
MONITORING
AND INTENSIVE CARE OF THE CRITICALLY ILL PATIENT 1 1 APPROACH TO THE EMERGENCY PATIENT
3 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Initial Preparation and Management
3 The Primary Survey: Initial Examination to Identify Life-Threatening Problems
4 Brief History
12 Thorough Secondary Survey
12 2 EMERGENCY ROOM READINESS
17 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Being Prepared
17 Equipment Recommendations
17 Recommended Supplies
18 Recommended Drugs
19 3 CARDIOPULMONARY-CEREBRAL RESUSCITATION (CPCR)
21 Steve C. Haskins Causes
21 Clinical Signs
21 The Nature of Cell Injury During Cardiac Arrest
21 Prognosis/General Recommendations
22 Treatment
22 Electrical Activity of the Heart
27 Postresuscitative Care
28 4 SHOCK
30 Steve C. Haskins Definition
30 Categories of Shock
30 Systemic Inflammatory Response
30 Multiple Organ Dysfunction
31 Monitoring and Identifying Treatment Opportunities
31 Treatment of Shock with Special Emphasis on Septic Shock and MODS
31 Treatment of Anaphylactic Shock
40 5 ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
41 Steve C. Haskins Overview of Anesthesia in Critically Ill Patients
41 Guidelines for Anesthesia in Critically Ill Patients
42 Specific Drugs Used for Anesthesia in Critical Patients
44 Anesthesia Concerns and Protocols for Common Conditions
54 Overview of Analgesia
57 Analgesia Drugs and Techniques
58 6 FLUID THERAPY
63 Steve C. Haskins and Douglass K. Macintire Body Fluid Compartments
63 Crystalloid Solutions
65 Colloid Solutions
69 Specific Conditions Requiring Fluid Therapy
75 7 MONITORING
85 Steve C. Haskins Cardiovascular Monitoring
85 Respiratory Monitoring
102 Urologic Monitoring
106 Neurologic Monitoring
109 8 NUTRITIONAL SUPPORT OF CRITICAL PATIENTS
116 Steve C. Haskins Acute Malnutrition
116 Methods and Procedures of Providing Enteral Nutrition
117 Methods and Procedures of Providing Parenteral Nutrition
132 Nutrition as an Aid to Medical Therapy (Pharmaconutrition)
134 PART II SPECIFIC PROTOCOLS AND PROCEDURES FOR EMERGENCY CONDITIONS 137 9 RESPIRATORY EMERGENCIES
139 Kenneth J. Drobatz and Douglass K. Macintire General Approach/Methods of Oxygen Delivery
139 Upper Airway Obstruction (Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea)
142 Pleural Space Disease
154 Lower Airway Disease
171 Parenchymal Disease
179 Cyanosis
185 Mechanical Ventilation
185 10 CARDIAC EMERGENCIES
192 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
192 Diagnosis
193 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
193 Management of Specific Conditions
199 11 GASTROINTESTINAL EMERGENCIES
226 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
226 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
226 Management of Specific Conditions
231 12 UROLOGIC EMERGENCIES
269 Kenneth J. Drobatz and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
269 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
270 Management of Specific Conditions
279 13 NEUROLOGIC EMERGENCIES
297 Michelle B. Carnes
Douglass K. Macintire
and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
297 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
297 Management of Specific Conditions
298 14 HEMATOLOGIC EMERGENCIES
333 Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
333 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
335 Management of Specific Conditions
342 15 ENDOCRINE AND METABOLIC EMERGENCIES
355 William D. Saxon
Kenneth J. Drobatz
and Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
355 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
355 Management of Specific Conditions
359 16 REPRODUCTIVE EMERGENCIES
397 Douglass K. Macintire and William D. Saxon Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
397 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
398 Management of Specific Conditions
399 17 PEDIATRIC EMERGENCIES
405 Douglass K. Macintire and William D. Saxon Resuscitation of Neonates (Birth to 2 weeks)
405 Diseases of Infant Animals (2-6 weeks)
410 Diseases of Juvenile Animals (6-12 weeks)
413 18 OCULAR EMERGENCIES
418 William D. Saxon and Deborah Mandell Clinical Signs
Diagnosis
418 Diagnostic and Monitoring Procedures
419 Management of Specific Conditions
421 19 DERMATOLOGIC EMERGENCIES
441 Robert Kennis and Douglass K. Macintire Clinical Signs and Diagnosis
441 Diagnostic Procedures
442 Management of Specific Conditions
443 20 TOXICOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES
453 Kenneth J. Drobatz Diagnosis
Clinical Signs
453 Initial Approach to the Poisoned Patient
454 Management of Specific Toxicities
457 21 MISCELLANEOUS EMERGENCIES
479 William D. Saxon
Kenneth J. Drobatz
and Douglass K. Macintire Heat Illness
479 Hypothermia
481 Frostbite
484 Near Drowning (Submersion Injury)
485 Insect and Spider Bites
487 Snakebites
490 Electrocution
493 Fever of Unknown Origin
495 APPENDICES
499 A. Calibration Tables for the Schiötz Tonometer
499 B. Normal Values for the Canine and Feline Electrocardiogram
501 C. CPCR Guidelines
502 D. Common Equations
505 E. Constant Rate Infusions
506 F. Conversion Tables
511 G. Normal Values for Oxygen and Hemodynamic Parameters
514 H. Toxicology
517 I. Transfusion Guide
522 J. Drug Formulary
524 K. Guidelines for Anesthesia in Animals with Critical Problems
652 INDEX
657