Advances in Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs and Cats defines our present knowledge of this common clinical problem, compiling information related to the canine and feline intervertebral disc into a single resource. As a comprehensive, focused work, the book is an authoritative reference for understanding and treating disc disease, providing a sound scientific and clinical basis for decision making. Offering an objective synthesis of the current literature, the book supplies guidance on the approach to a potential disc rupture, surgical and medical strategies, and management of the…mehr
Advances in Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs and Cats defines our present knowledge of this common clinical problem, compiling information related to the canine and feline intervertebral disc into a single resource. As a comprehensive, focused work, the book is an authoritative reference for understanding and treating disc disease, providing a sound scientific and clinical basis for decision making. Offering an objective synthesis of the current literature, the book supplies guidance on the approach to a potential disc rupture, surgical and medical strategies, and management of the patient.
Offering a complete understanding of intervertebral disc disease, the book describes and discusses the controversies and issues surrounding this topic, acknowledging the gaps in our knowledge. Advances in Intervertebral Disc Disease in Dogs and Cats presents up-to-date, reliable information on this common condition for veterinary surgeons, neurologists, and general practitioners.
James M. Fingeroth, DVM, DACVS, is Senior Staff Surgeon at the Orchard Park Veterinary Medical Center in Orchard Park, New York, USA. William B. Thomas, DVM, DACVIM (Neurology) is Professor of Neurology and Neurosurgery at the College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Inhaltsangabe
Contributors viii Foreword Rick LeCouteur xi Foreword Mark D. Markel, American College of Veterinary Surgeons Foundation xiv Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii Section I Intervertebral Disc Structure and Function 1 1 Embryology, Innervation, Morphology, Structure, and Function of the Canine Intervertebral Disc 3 John F. Innes and James Melrose 2 Biomechanics of the Intervertebral Disc and Why Do Discs Displace? 8 Lucas A. Smolders and Franck Forterre 3 Comparisons between Biped (Human) and Quadruped (Canine/Feline) Intervertebral Disc Disease 14 Niklas Bergknut, Franck Forterre, Jonathan M. Levine, Steven D. Lasser, and James M. Fingeroth Section II Disc Disease: Degenerative and other Pathology 23 4 Historical and Current Nomenclature Associated with Intervertebral Disc Pathology 25 Jonathan M. Levine and James M. Fingeroth 5 What Do We Know about the Incidence of Disc Disease in Chondrodystrophoid Dogs? 32 William B. Thomas, James M. Fingeroth, and Ragnvi Hagman 6 Feline Intervertebral Disc Disease 36 Michael Farrell and Noel Fitzpatrick 7 Is "Wobbler" Disease Related to Disc Disease? 50 Noel Fitzpatrick and James M. Fingeroth 8 Spondylosis Deformans 67 William B. Thomas and James M. Fingeroth 9 What is Fibrocartilaginous Embolism and Is It Related to IVDD? 75 Luisa De Risio Section III Clinical Features of Intervertebral Disc Disease and Important Differentials 89 10 History, Neurologic Examination, and Neuroanatomic Localization for Spinal Cord and Nerve Root Disease 91 William B. Thomas and Luisa De Risio 11 Deep Pain: How Should We Test and Interpret Nociception? 107 James M. Fingeroth, William B. Thomas, and Luisa De Risio 12 Ascending/Descending Myelomalacia Secondary to Intervertebral Disc Herniation 115 James M. Fingeroth and Alexander de Lahunta 13 Traumatic Disc Extrusions 121 Luisa De Risio, William B. Thomas, and James M. Fingeroth 14 "Discogenic" Pain (Signs Associated With Disc Degeneration But Without Herniation): Does It Occur? 127 James M. Fingeroth and James Melrose 15 Compressive and Contusive Spinal Cord Injury Secondary to Intervertebral Disc Displacement: A Clinical Perspective 131 James M. Fingeroth, Franck Forterre, and Jonathan M. Levine 16 Advances in Imaging for Intervertebral Disc Disease 135 Patrick R. Gavin and Jonathan M. Levine 17 The Role of Nonimaging-Based Diagnostic Studies for Intervertebral Disc Herniation 147 Gwendolyn J. Levine 18 Recurrent Intervertebral Disc Herniation 151 Brigitte A. Brisson 19 When Should Dogs Be Referred for Imaging and Surgery? 156 James M. Fingeroth and William B. Thomas 20 Discospondylitis and Related Spinal Infections in the Dog and Cat 161 Sharon Kerwin 21 Neoplasias Mimicking Intervertebral Disc Herniation 168 Gwendolyn J. Levine 22 Client Communications When Confronted with a Patient with Suspected Intervertebral Disc Herniation 174 James M. Fingeroth and William B. Thomas Section IV Nonsurgical and Adjunctive Medical Management of IVDD 179 23 Steroid Use in Intervertebral Disc Disease 181 Joseph M. Mankin and Franck Forterre 24 Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Muscle Relaxants, Opioids, and Other Treatments for Primary and Adjunctive Medical Management of Intervertebral Disc Herniation 186 James M. Fingeroth, Franck Forterre, Núria Vizcaíno Revés, and William B. Thomas 25 Neuroprotective Treatments for Acute Spinal Cord Injury Associated with Intervertebral Disc Herniation 194 Jonathan M. Levine 26 The Use of Discography and Nucleolysis in Dogs 199 James F. (Jeff) Biggart 27 Medical Management and Nursing Care for the Paralyzed Patient 208 James M. Fingeroth and William B. Thomas Section V Surgical Management of Intervertebral Disc Herniation 215 28 What Constitutes Spinal Cord Decompression? 217 James M. Fingeroth 29 General Principles of Spinal Surgery for Intervertebral Disc Herniation 221 James M. Fingeroth and Brigitte A. Brisson 30 Cervical Disc Disease: Ventral Slot versus Hemilaminectomy versus Dorsal Laminectomy 226 Amy E. Fauber 31 Thoracolumbar Disc Disease: Dorsal Approaches versus Lateral versus Ventral Approaches. What to Do If I'm on the Wrong Side or Site (Level)? 232 Franck Forterre, Núria Vizcaíno Revés, and Luisa De Risio 32 Lumbosacral Disc Disease: Is Vertebral Stabilization Indicated? 237 Michael Farrell and Noel Fitzpatrick 33 The Rationale for Durotomy in Surgical Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Disease 251 Franck Forterre, Núria Vizcaíno Revés, and Natasha Olby 34 What Should Cover the Bone Defect after Laminectomy/Hemilaminectomy? 255 William B. Thomas and James M. Fingeroth 35 Pros and Cons of Prophylactic Fenestration: Arguments in Favor 259 Brigitte A. Brisson 36 Pros and Cons of Prophylactic Fenestration: The Potential Arguments Against 264 Franck Forterre and James M. Fingeroth 37 Use of Lasers in Veterinary Surgery and Percutaneous Laser Disc Ablation 268 Kenneth Bartels 38 Physical Rehabilitation for the Paralyzed Patient 279 Rick Wall Section VI Future Directions 287 39 Minimally Invasive Techniques for Spinal Cord and Nerve Root Decompression 289 Michael J. Higginbotham, Otto I. Lanz, and Claude Carozzo 40 Will There be a Role for Disc Prostheses in Small Animals? 294 Filippo Adamo and Franck Forterre Index 310
Contributors viii Foreword Rick LeCouteur xi Foreword Mark D. Markel, American College of Veterinary Surgeons Foundation xiv Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii Section I Intervertebral Disc Structure and Function 1 1 Embryology, Innervation, Morphology, Structure, and Function of the Canine Intervertebral Disc 3 John F. Innes and James Melrose 2 Biomechanics of the Intervertebral Disc and Why Do Discs Displace? 8 Lucas A. Smolders and Franck Forterre 3 Comparisons between Biped (Human) and Quadruped (Canine/Feline) Intervertebral Disc Disease 14 Niklas Bergknut, Franck Forterre, Jonathan M. Levine, Steven D. Lasser, and James M. Fingeroth Section II Disc Disease: Degenerative and other Pathology 23 4 Historical and Current Nomenclature Associated with Intervertebral Disc Pathology 25 Jonathan M. Levine and James M. Fingeroth 5 What Do We Know about the Incidence of Disc Disease in Chondrodystrophoid Dogs? 32 William B. Thomas, James M. Fingeroth, and Ragnvi Hagman 6 Feline Intervertebral Disc Disease 36 Michael Farrell and Noel Fitzpatrick 7 Is "Wobbler" Disease Related to Disc Disease? 50 Noel Fitzpatrick and James M. Fingeroth 8 Spondylosis Deformans 67 William B. Thomas and James M. Fingeroth 9 What is Fibrocartilaginous Embolism and Is It Related to IVDD? 75 Luisa De Risio Section III Clinical Features of Intervertebral Disc Disease and Important Differentials 89 10 History, Neurologic Examination, and Neuroanatomic Localization for Spinal Cord and Nerve Root Disease 91 William B. Thomas and Luisa De Risio 11 Deep Pain: How Should We Test and Interpret Nociception? 107 James M. Fingeroth, William B. Thomas, and Luisa De Risio 12 Ascending/Descending Myelomalacia Secondary to Intervertebral Disc Herniation 115 James M. Fingeroth and Alexander de Lahunta 13 Traumatic Disc Extrusions 121 Luisa De Risio, William B. Thomas, and James M. Fingeroth 14 "Discogenic" Pain (Signs Associated With Disc Degeneration But Without Herniation): Does It Occur? 127 James M. Fingeroth and James Melrose 15 Compressive and Contusive Spinal Cord Injury Secondary to Intervertebral Disc Displacement: A Clinical Perspective 131 James M. Fingeroth, Franck Forterre, and Jonathan M. Levine 16 Advances in Imaging for Intervertebral Disc Disease 135 Patrick R. Gavin and Jonathan M. Levine 17 The Role of Nonimaging-Based Diagnostic Studies for Intervertebral Disc Herniation 147 Gwendolyn J. Levine 18 Recurrent Intervertebral Disc Herniation 151 Brigitte A. Brisson 19 When Should Dogs Be Referred for Imaging and Surgery? 156 James M. Fingeroth and William B. Thomas 20 Discospondylitis and Related Spinal Infections in the Dog and Cat 161 Sharon Kerwin 21 Neoplasias Mimicking Intervertebral Disc Herniation 168 Gwendolyn J. Levine 22 Client Communications When Confronted with a Patient with Suspected Intervertebral Disc Herniation 174 James M. Fingeroth and William B. Thomas Section IV Nonsurgical and Adjunctive Medical Management of IVDD 179 23 Steroid Use in Intervertebral Disc Disease 181 Joseph M. Mankin and Franck Forterre 24 Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs, Muscle Relaxants, Opioids, and Other Treatments for Primary and Adjunctive Medical Management of Intervertebral Disc Herniation 186 James M. Fingeroth, Franck Forterre, Núria Vizcaíno Revés, and William B. Thomas 25 Neuroprotective Treatments for Acute Spinal Cord Injury Associated with Intervertebral Disc Herniation 194 Jonathan M. Levine 26 The Use of Discography and Nucleolysis in Dogs 199 James F. (Jeff) Biggart 27 Medical Management and Nursing Care for the Paralyzed Patient 208 James M. Fingeroth and William B. Thomas Section V Surgical Management of Intervertebral Disc Herniation 215 28 What Constitutes Spinal Cord Decompression? 217 James M. Fingeroth 29 General Principles of Spinal Surgery for Intervertebral Disc Herniation 221 James M. Fingeroth and Brigitte A. Brisson 30 Cervical Disc Disease: Ventral Slot versus Hemilaminectomy versus Dorsal Laminectomy 226 Amy E. Fauber 31 Thoracolumbar Disc Disease: Dorsal Approaches versus Lateral versus Ventral Approaches. What to Do If I'm on the Wrong Side or Site (Level)? 232 Franck Forterre, Núria Vizcaíno Revés, and Luisa De Risio 32 Lumbosacral Disc Disease: Is Vertebral Stabilization Indicated? 237 Michael Farrell and Noel Fitzpatrick 33 The Rationale for Durotomy in Surgical Treatment of Intervertebral Disc Disease 251 Franck Forterre, Núria Vizcaíno Revés, and Natasha Olby 34 What Should Cover the Bone Defect after Laminectomy/Hemilaminectomy? 255 William B. Thomas and James M. Fingeroth 35 Pros and Cons of Prophylactic Fenestration: Arguments in Favor 259 Brigitte A. Brisson 36 Pros and Cons of Prophylactic Fenestration: The Potential Arguments Against 264 Franck Forterre and James M. Fingeroth 37 Use of Lasers in Veterinary Surgery and Percutaneous Laser Disc Ablation 268 Kenneth Bartels 38 Physical Rehabilitation for the Paralyzed Patient 279 Rick Wall Section VI Future Directions 287 39 Minimally Invasive Techniques for Spinal Cord and Nerve Root Decompression 289 Michael J. Higginbotham, Otto I. Lanz, and Claude Carozzo 40 Will There be a Role for Disc Prostheses in Small Animals? 294 Filippo Adamo and Franck Forterre Index 310
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