Broschiertes Buch

Two Voyages

The first meeting of Maori and Europeans, and the journeys that led to it

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New Zealand was the last major habitable land on Earth to be populated. Many associate the discovery of New Zealand with James Cook, but he was not the first to venture to this isolated part of the Earth. When James Cook landed in New Zealand in July 1769 he landed at what is now known as Gisborne, on the east coast of the North Island. It is in the latitude 38°40'S, and Cook was not sailing this latitude accidentally. The west coast of New Zealand was first revealed on a published map in 1648. James Cook knew exactly where he was going; Abel Tasman had been there in 1642 and Cook had a copy of his chart and journal. The motivation behind Tasman's voyage was profit. He was not voyaging into the unknown for fame, glory or fortune; he was a salaried employee of the Dutch East India Company, a multinational trading company. His mission was to find new lands with goods to trade. He first saw New Zealand on 13th December 1642. Five days later he had a dramatic encounter with the locals; a tribe of M¿ori called Ng¿ti T¿matak¿kiri. This was the first meeting of M¿ori and Europeans. Tasman had not found an empty land; it had already been discovered and settled. New Zealand was discovered by Polynesians from the Central Pacific around 950 AD, but remained only sparsely populated for three hundred years. In approximately 1300 AD a wave of Polynesian migration began. The immigrants that went to New Zealand did so for self-preservation. They risked the voyage to New Zealand to escape warfare, death or starvation. On 19th December 1642 Abel Tasman's crews met the locals with fatal consequences. Those local M¿ori were descendants of the crew of the waka Kurahaup¿ who had arrived in New Zealand about 300 years earlier. Two Voyages follows the journeys of the waka Kurahaup¿, its occupants and their descendants; and Abel Tasman and his crew. It follows the journeys from their origins, to their point of coincidence in Golden Bay. This wonderfully illustrated book explores the discovery of New Zealand by the Polynesians, and by the Europeans after them. It looks at the factors giving impetus to the two journeys, the people who undertook them, their routes, the means by which they travelled, and their tragic first meeting. There are many books about the history of New Zealand that begin with the arrival of Europeans; this one ends there.

Weniger Details

When I first drank it felt great. I could join in, I was sociable, I had fun, I was relaxed and I felt like I was somebody. I liked it. Drinking was good, so I did it again. I drank to get the same feelings as I did the first time, and I did this again and again, but soon when I drank I didn't get the same result... I got slightly less. My body got better at cleaning away alcohol, so I had to drink faster and I had to drink more to get the same effect. So I drank faster and I drank more. Over the years I slowly drank more and more. The change was so slow it was imperceptible but I drank more, I drank more often, I drank too much more often, and the spaces between the times I drank too much grew smaller. As my drinking slowly changed I changed with it. My brain changed to offset the changes caused by large and routine doses of alcohol. My brain was being made artificially happy. It was getting more happiness than it ordered, so it lowered the amount of the happy chemicals it produced. It changed everything else it was getting too much of too. This made me less happy, less sociable, and less relaxed whenever I was sober. A drink would fix this but I now had to drink enough to bring these back up to normal before I could even start to get happy. I was unhappy whenever I was sober. I was lonely whenever I was sober, and I was restless and anxious whenever I was sober. I drank to lift myself from being unhappy, lonely and anxious... which was every time I was sober. So I drank whenever I was sober. The more I drank the more my brain changed. Eventually I couldn't drink enough to get happy. I couldn't stop shaking until I drank, and I couldn't be sociable until I was already drunk. When I first drank it felt great. I could join in, I was sociable, I had fun, I was relaxed and I felt like I was somebody. But it didn't stay like that. I drank for fun but it made me unhappy. I drank for friendship but it made me alone. I drank for relaxation but it made me anxious. I drank for confidence but it made me afraid, and I drank for comfort but ended up in despair. I chose none of that. My brain never told me to not drink. My brain only ever told me that a drink would be good or that a drink would make me feel better. My brain lied to me. My fight wasn't with the bottle. My fight was with my own mind.