Toll- like receptors: Sensing the dangers within !!!!

Toll- like receptors: Sensing the dangers within !!!!

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Toll- like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system and are present in gingival crevicular fluid and the epithelial cell layer in addition to other immune cells such as macrophages, Langerhans cells, tissue dendritic cells, and migratory neutrophils which was revealed on histological examination of healthy periodontal tissue. Since the gingiva is considered exposed to bacterial pathogen - associated molecular patterns, the TLRs present on gingival epithelial cells are continuously stimulated, resulting in production of cytokines and defensins th...