George Eliot, the pen name of Mary Ann Evans, was a prominent 19th-century English novelist celebrated for her psychological depth and realistic portrayal of human nature. Born in rural Warwickshire, Eliot's early life was shaped by the responsibilities of caring for her family after her mother's death. Following her father's passing, she moved to London and became involved in intellectual circles. Eliot began her literary career with Scenes of Clerical Life, and her first novel, Adam Bede, was a major success. To ensure her works were taken seriously, she used a male pen name, as female authors were often dismissed in her time. Her later works include The Mill on the Floss, Silas Marner, Romola, Middlemarch, Daniel Deronda, and the psychological novella The Lifted Veil, which explores themes of clairvoyance, fate, and despair. Despite personal controversies, including her relationship with the married George Henry Lewes, Eliot became a respected literary and intellectual figure.
