The International Diffusion of Planning Ideas
Hatice Ayataç
Broschiertes Buch

The International Diffusion of Planning Ideas

Influence on ¿stanbul's Urban Fabric

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Diffusion is the process by which economical, political, and cultural experiences are shared amongst countries. The international diffusion of planning ideas is defined as borrowing and imposition at national and local levels. In the case of Turkey, these experiences are viewed within the context of modernization and westernization. The most significant arena of this process took place in Istanbul. The process of adaptation began in the second half of the nineteenth century with the Tanzimat reforms and developed parallel to the degree of influence the United States and Europe had on the chang...