Spinal anesthesia, and opioid additives
Hala Goma
Broschiertes Buch

Spinal anesthesia, and opioid additives

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Spinal anesthesia provides adequate anesthesia plus postoperative analgesia lead to reduction requirements of systemic opioids resulting in avoidance of sedation and respiratory depression. More importantly, the inhibition of the stress response to surgery, trauma induced nociceptive impulses, and blunting of the autonomic and somatic responses to pain facilitate breathing, coughing, sighing and early ambulation . This results in restoration of pulmonary function and reduction of post operative chest infection and pulmonary collapse. Finally, efferent sympathetic blockade results in increased ...