Spectral Leakage
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High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Spectral leakage is an effect in the frequency analysis of finite-length signals or finite-length segments of infinite signals where it appears as if some energy has "leaked" out of the original signal spectrum into other frequencies. Typically the leakage shows up as a series of "lobes". The lobes on an amplitude-vs-frequency DFT graph look similar to the side lobes on an amplitude-vs-angle antenna radiation pattern graph. A discrete Fourier transform takes in a finite signal and outputs a finite spectrum: the DFT "bins": each bin is a frequency, no...
High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! Spectral leakage is an effect in the frequency analysis of finite-length signals or finite-length segments of infinite signals where it appears as if some energy has "leaked" out of the original signal spectrum into other frequencies. Typically the leakage shows up as a series of "lobes". The lobes on an amplitude-vs-frequency DFT graph look similar to the side lobes on an amplitude-vs-angle antenna radiation pattern graph. A discrete Fourier transform takes in a finite signal and outputs a finite spectrum: the DFT "bins": each bin is a frequency, not a range of frequencies. The wavelengths of these bins are the wavelengths that divide the sampling window (such that an integer number of wavelengths occur). The frequencies of these bins are frequencies that divide twice the sampling frequency thus, if one has a harmonic signal at one of these rates and samples it, it will fall into a single bin, while if a signal that is not one of theserates is sampled, its energy will leak into neighboring bins.
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