Preproinsulin
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Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Preproinsulin is the primary translation product of the insulin gene. It is a peptide of 110 amino acids. Preproinsulin is a precursor processed by proteases to proinsulin by removal of the signal peptide and then to insulin by removal of the connecting peptide (C-peptide) in order to be biologically active. Almost no preproinsulin exists in the cell, since removal of the signal peptide is not a separate step but closely linked to translation into the endoplasmic reti...
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Preproinsulin is the primary translation product of the insulin gene. It is a peptide of 110 amino acids. Preproinsulin is a precursor processed by proteases to proinsulin by removal of the signal peptide and then to insulin by removal of the connecting peptide (C-peptide) in order to be biologically active. Almost no preproinsulin exists in the cell, since removal of the signal peptide is not a separate step but closely linked to translation into the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). For the same reason, preproinsulin is rarely used unlike insulin, the mature product, and proinsulin, a stable ER intermediate. Insulin is a hormone that has profound effects on metabolism. Insulin causes cells in the liver, muscle, and fat tissue to take up glucose from the blood, storing it as glycogen in the liver and muscle, and stopping use of fat as an energy source.
