MOHAMMED JEMAL AHMED earned his first degree from Madawalabu University, Ethiopia in major in history (minor in geography) in 2009 and his second degree from Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia in Tourism and Development in 2012. He earned his Ph.D. from Izmir Katip Celebi University, Turkiye in Tourism Management in 2021. From September 1, 2009, to September 1, 2016, he was a lecturer in Tourism and History at Jigjiga University, Ethiopia. From September 01, 2016, until 2021 he was a lecturer in Tourism Management at Wollo University, Ethiopia. From May 2021 until now, he is an assistant professor in Tourism Management and a researcher at Wollo Unversity, Ethiopia. His research area includes the following: Islamic Tourism, Halal Tourism, Heritage Tourism, Pilgrimage Tourism, Ecotourism, Ethiopian History, Travel and Migration. ATILLA AKBABA is a professor at the Faculty of Tourism at ¿zmir Kâtip Çelebi University (¿zmir, Türkiye). He received his M.Sc. from Florida International University and his Ph.D from Dokuz Eylul University with a major in Tourism Management. He teaches hospitality and tourism related courses. His areas of specialization include service quality, organizational culture, and management of tourism businesses. He has published widely in his areas of specialization at national and international levels.
