Polymeric Additives in Crude Oil Pipelines
Investigation of Flow Behavior Characteristics for Iraqi Crude Oil with Different Polymeric Additives
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In this book, the flow behavior characteristics for Iraqi crude oil using different polymer additives were investigated. Polyacrylic acid (PPA) was added to the crude oil at different concentrations of (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm) and Polyethylene glycol (PEG) at different concentrations of (0, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 ppm). Results showed that PPA additions decrease largely the viscosities of the crude oil, and this dropping depends on the DRA concentration in the crude oil. Crude oil viscosity seems to increase as the PEG concentration raised, increases with increasing shear rate, e...
In this book, the flow behavior characteristics for Iraqi crude oil using different polymer additives were investigated. Polyacrylic acid (PPA) was added to the crude oil at different concentrations of (0, 50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 ppm) and Polyethylene glycol (PEG) at different concentrations of (0, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 ppm). Results showed that PPA additions decrease largely the viscosities of the crude oil, and this dropping depends on the DRA concentration in the crude oil. Crude oil viscosity seems to increase as the PEG concentration raised, increases with increasing shear rate, except with 400 wt.% of PEG. The shear stress increases as the shear rate increased, and its minimum value occurs at 300 wt.% of PEG. The density of crude oil increases with increasing the additives concentrations, both PPA and PEG. The value of surface tension was reduced gradually till to concentration of 200 ppm of PPA and a sudden decrease after that. While adding PEG lead to increase the surface tension till to the concentration of 300 ppm and then reduced.
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