Morphology (linguistics)
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Morphology is the identification, analysis and description of the structure of words. Words as units in the lexicon are the subject matter of lexicology. While words are generally accepted as being with clitics the smallest units of syntax, it is clear that in most if not all languages, words can be related to other words by rules. For example, English speakers recognize that the words dog, dogs, and dog catcher are closely related. English speakers recognize these relations from their tacit knowledge of the rules of word formation in English. They infer intuitively that dog is to dogs as cat ...
Morphology is the identification, analysis and description of the structure of words. Words as units in the lexicon are the subject matter of lexicology. While words are generally accepted as being with clitics the smallest units of syntax, it is clear that in most if not all languages, words can be related to other words by rules. For example, English speakers recognize that the words dog, dogs, and dog catcher are closely related. English speakers recognize these relations from their tacit knowledge of the rules of word formation in English. They infer intuitively that dog is to dogs as cat is to cats; similarly, dog is to dog catcher as dish is to dishwasher in one sense. The rules understood by the speaker reflect specific patterns or regularities in the way words are formed from smaller units and how those smaller units interact in speech. In this way, morphology is the branch of linguistics that studies patterns of word formation within and across languages, and attempts toformulate rules that model the knowledge of the speakers of those languages.
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