Materials Science of Membranes for Gas and Vapor Separation
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Membrane-based gas- and vapor separation has emerged into an important unit operation in the chemical industry during the past 30 years. The efficiency of this technology strongly depends on the selection of membrane materials, their physicochemical properties, and the mechanism through which permeation occurs. The optimum choice of materials for ultrathin, dense gas separation membranes is more demanding than that of other membrane processes, such as ultrafiltration or microfiltration, where pore size and pore size distribution are the key factors. The goal of this book is to provide a state-...
Membrane-based gas- and vapor separation has emerged into an important unit operation in the chemical industry during the past 30 years. The efficiency of this technology strongly depends on the selection of membrane materials, their physicochemical properties, and the mechanism through which permeation occurs. The optimum choice of materials for ultrathin, dense gas separation membranes is more demanding than that of other membrane processes, such as ultrafiltration or microfiltration, where pore size and pore size distribution are the key factors. The goal of this book is to provide a state-of-the-art review including fundamental as well as practical aspects of membrane-based gas and vapor separations. This comprehensive volume, consisting of 17 chapters written by world authorities, opens with an introduction intended to provide background information necessary for all subsequent chapters. This is followed by chapters covering: * Computer simulation methods; * Sorption of gases and vapors in polymers; * The solution-diffusion model for non-porous membranes as applied to various membrane processes; * A description of the free volume model for describing diffusion in polymers; * Gas permeation properties of polymers; * New groups of polymers as potential membrane materials, e.g. polyacetylenes, amorphous perfluorinated polymers, rigid glassy polyimides; * Aging behavior of membrane materials; * Gas separation and pervaporation using inorganic membranes; * Facilitated transport membranes for providing very high selectivities. The book will serve as a reference for the professional academic and industrial scientist, while also providing enough basic material to introduce students to the subject. It is the editors' hope that the contents will provide guidance for future research, development and applications in this emerging field.
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