Local Anaesthesia in Endodontics

Local Anaesthesia in Endodontics

Materials, Techniques and Clinical Implications

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Local anaesthetics are essential for successful endodontic treatment, and their pharmacologic characteristics have special implications for the treatment of painful, chronically-inflamed or necrotic teeth. Endodontic patients with established central and peripheral sensitization represent special challenges for pain control, since morphogenetic changes resulting from neurogenic inflammation can render pain fibers more resistant to local anesthesia. The use of vasconstrictors with conventional and alternative injection techniques, e.g., intraosseous injections, are necessary to prolong the dura...