Fundamental Theories and Their Applications of the Calculus of Variations

Fundamental Theories and Their Applications of the Calculus of Variations

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This book focuses on the calculus of variations, including fundamental theories and applications.This textbook is intended for graduate and higher-level college and university students, introducing them to the basic concepts and calculation methods used in the calculus of variations. It covers the preliminaries, variational problems with fixed boundaries, sufficient conditions of extrema of functionals, problems with undetermined boundaries, variational problems of conditional extrema, variational problems in parametric forms, variational principles, direct methods for variational problems, va...