DOMINIC WATT is Senior Lecturer in Forensic Speech Science at the University of York, UK. ARTHUR HUGHES taught Applied Linguistics at the University of Reading for 25 years, setting up and directing the Testing and Evaluation Unit. On sabbatical from Reading, he directed English language testing projects at Bosphorus University, Istanbul (1982-84) and in the Ministry of Secondary Education, Morocco (1992-93). He was joint founder-editor of the international journal Language Testing, has published widely in the field of testing and has carried out consultancies in the UK and in several countries overseas. His book, Testing for Language Teachers, now in its second edition, was first published in 1989 and continues to be a bestseller. Though now retired, Arthur continues to write and act as a consultant. PETER TRUDGILL is Adjunct Prof. of Socio-Linguistics at Agder University, Norway, Adjunct Professor, RCLT, La Trobe University, Australia, Professor Emeritus of English Linguistics, Fribourg University, Switzerland, Honorary Professor of Sociolinguistics, UEA, Norwich, UK
