Democracy, Power, and Legitimacy
The Critical Theory of Jürgen Habermas
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In this philosophical examination of J¨ rgen Habermas's relationship with political theories such as liberalism and radical democracy, Omid A. Payrow Shabani offers a critical analysis of the historical development of the German thinker's writings. Tracing the changing relations between the poles of critique and utopia in Habermas' theory, Payrow Shabani demonstrates how the critical thrust of his later work is compromised as a result of closely aligning "communicative power"- that which is generated in the Public sphere as a result of discursive deliberation - with legitimate law-making and ...
In this philosophical examination of J¨ rgen Habermas's relationship with political theories such as liberalism and radical democracy, Omid A. Payrow Shabani offers a critical analysis of the historical development of the German thinker's writings. Tracing the changing relations between the poles of critique and utopia in Habermas' theory, Payrow Shabani demonstrates how the critical thrust of his later work is compromised as a result of closely aligning "communicative power"- that which is generated in the Public sphere as a result of discursive deliberation - with legitimate law-making and state power. This formulation consequently legitimizes political power as currently exercised in Western democracies and robs dissenters of the critical ability to reproach the system for its failings. To recover the critical impulse of Habermas, Payrow Shabani proposes incorporating the Foucauldean conception of power, which can enhance and go beyond the restrictive consensus/coercion dichotomy of Habermas's juridical model. Similarly, he proposes incorporating Derrida's deconstructive strategy of law, which allows a distinction between the presence of law and the attainment of justice, posing the ideal of democracy as a-venir. Such a revised theory, he argues, would be better equipped to address the issues of justice, inclusion and solidarity in multicultural democracies.
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