Capillary Action
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Capillary Action

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Capillary action, capillarity, capillary motion, or wicking refers to two phenomena: 1. The movement of liquids in thin tubes. 2. The flow of liquids through porous media, such as the flow of water through soil. A common apparatus used to demonstrate the first phenomenon is the capillary tube. When the lower end of a vertical glass tube is placed in a liquid such as water, a concave meniscus forms. Surface tension pulls the liquid column up until there is a sufficient mass of liquid for gravitational forces to overcome the intermolecular forces. The contact length (around the edge) between the...