Baghdad Railway
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The Baghdad Railway, built from 1903 to 1940, was planned to connect the Ottoman Empire cities of Konya and Bagdad with a new 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) line through modern-day Turkey, Syria and Iraq. Funding and engineering was mainly provided by German Empire banks and companies, which in the 1890s had built the Anatolian Railway (Anatolische Eisenbahn) connecting Istanbul, Ankara and Konya. Completion of the Baghdad railway would have connected Berlin and Baghdad, from where the Germans attempted to establish a port at the Persian Gulf. The Ottoman Empire desired to maintain its control of A...
The Baghdad Railway, built from 1903 to 1940, was planned to connect the Ottoman Empire cities of Konya and Bagdad with a new 1,600 kilometres (990 mi) line through modern-day Turkey, Syria and Iraq. Funding and engineering was mainly provided by German Empire banks and companies, which in the 1890s had built the Anatolian Railway (Anatolische Eisenbahn) connecting Istanbul, Ankara and Konya. Completion of the Baghdad railway would have connected Berlin and Baghdad, from where the Germans attempted to establish a port at the Persian Gulf. The Ottoman Empire desired to maintain its control of Arabia and to expand its influence across the Red Sea into Egypt, which was controlled by Great Britain. The Germans gained access to and ownership of oil fields in Iraq, and with a line to the port of Basra would have gained better access to the eastern parts of the German colonial empire, bypassing the Suez Canal. The railway became a source of international disputes during the years immediately preceding World War I. Although it has been argued that they were resolved in 1914 before the war began, it has also been argued that the railroad was a leading cause of the First World War.
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