Atlas of Cardiac MR Imaging with Anatomical Correlations
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One Introduction.- One Anatomy of the Heart and of the Large Vessels.- Internal anatomy.- A. The ventricles.- B. The atria.- C. The coronary vessels.- D. The pericardium.- E. The anatomy of the large vessels.- 1. The main pulmonary artery.- 2. The aorta.- 3. The pulmonary veins.- 4. The vena cava system.- Two Principles of Cardiac Mr Imaging.- I: Basic physical principles of nuclear magnetic resonance.- I-1. Nuclei - Magnetic dipolar moment - Small magnet.- I-2. Spin and gyromagnetic ratio.- I-3. Static magnetic fields.- I-4. Precession - Resonant frequency - Longitudinal and transverse compon...
One Introduction.- One Anatomy of the Heart and of the Large Vessels.- Internal anatomy.- A. The ventricles.- B. The atria.- C. The coronary vessels.- D. The pericardium.- E. The anatomy of the large vessels.- 1. The main pulmonary artery.- 2. The aorta.- 3. The pulmonary veins.- 4. The vena cava system.- Two Principles of Cardiac Mr Imaging.- I: Basic physical principles of nuclear magnetic resonance.- I-1. Nuclei - Magnetic dipolar moment - Small magnet.- I-2. Spin and gyromagnetic ratio.- I-3. Static magnetic fields.- I-4. Precession - Resonant frequency - Longitudinal and transverse components.- I-5. Energy states and net magnetization vector.- I-6. Electromagnetic radiations - Resonance conditions.- I-7. Radiofrequency pulses.- I-8. Relaxation mechanisms - Relaxation times.- I-9. Detection of the NMR resonance signal - FID.- I-10. NMR Spectrum - Fourier transform - Chemical shift.- I-11. Experimental T2 times.- II: Advances imaging topics.- II-1. Spin-echo (SE) pulse sequence - Echo time (TE) and repetition time (TR) - Weightings.- II-2. Image contrast - Contrast weighting.- II-3. Image reconstruction.- II-4. Acquisition times - Scan time.- III: Special topics.- III-1. Fast imaging methods - Gradient echoes sequences.- III-2. Ultra fast imaging - The close future.- III-3. Flow phenomena.- III-4. Image quality.- III-5. Artefacts.- IV: References.- IV-1. Textbooks.- IV-2. Books chapters.- IV-3. Review articles.- Two Cardiac MR Imaging.- One MRI Slices of the Heart.- Transverse slices 1-13.- Sagittal slices 1-10.- Coronal slices 1-7.- LAO equivalent slices 1-10.- RAO equivalent slices 1-6.- Two Dynamic and Functional Studies.- Long axis views.- Short axis views.- Double angulation views.- End systole and end diastole.- Comprehensive Bibliography.- 1. Textbooks.- 2. Book chapters.- 3. Review articles.- 4. Technical considerations.- 5. Normal anatomy and MR-imaging planes of the heart.- 6. Ventricular function.- 7. Congenital heart disease.- 8. Valvular heart diseases.- 9. Chest, mediastinum and pulmonary hila.- 10. Myocardial ischemia and infarction.- 11. Cardiomyopathies.- 12. Contrast agents.- 13. Various heart diseases.- 14. Cardiac and paracardiac masses.- 15. Pericardium.- 16. Thoracic great vessels.- 17. Coronary arteries and grafts.- 18. Cardiac transplantation.- Anatomical Index.
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