Acute Kidney Injury and Immune Dysfunction
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Acute Kidney Injury and Immune Dysfunction

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Kidney injury can significantly disrupt the immune system, leading to immune dysfunction. When kidneys are damaged, they lose their ability to effectively filter blood and remove waste, resulting in the accumulation of toxins that can impair immune responses. Acute kidney injury (AKI) triggers an inflammatory response, releasing cytokines and other immune mediators that can lead to systemic inflammation. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) further exacerbates immune dysfunction by causing immune cell depletion and dysfunction, increasing susceptibility to infections and reducing vaccine efficacy. The...