John Broome

Rationality Through Reasoning

• Broschiertes Buch

Produktbeschreibung

Rationality Through Reasoning answers the question of how people are motivated to do what they believe they ought to do, built on a comprehensive account of normativity, rationality and reasoning that differs significantly from much existing philosophical thinking.

Develops an original account of normativity, rationality and reasoning significantly different from the majority of existing philosophical thought
Includes an account of theoretical and practical reasoning that explains how reasoning is something we ourselves do, rather than something that happens in us
Gives an account of what reasons are and argues that the connection between rationality and reasons is much less close than many philosophers have thought
Contains rigorous new accounts of oughts including owned oughts, agent-relative reasons, the logic of requirements, instrumental rationality, the role of normativity in reasoning, following a rule, the correctness of reasoning, the connections between intentions and beliefs, and much else.
Offers a new answer to the 'motivation question' of how a normative belief motivates an action.

Produktdetails

• The Blackwell / Brown Lectures in Philosophy
• Verlag: Wiley & Sons
• 1. Auflage
• Seitenzahl: 328
• Erscheinungstermin: 26. August 2013
• Englisch
• Abmessung: 229mm x 152mm x 18mm
• Gewicht: 424g
• ISBN-13: 9781118656051
• ISBN-10: 1118656059
• Artikelnr.: 38601802

Autorenporträt

John Broome is White's Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford, a fellow of Corpus Christi College, Oxford, and an Adjunct Professor of Philosophy at the Australian National University. He is the author of amongst others Weighing Goods (1991), Ethics Out of Economics (1999), Weighing Lives (2004), and Climate matters (2012).

Inhaltsangabe

Preface xi 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Motivation 1 1.2 This book 4 Notes 6 2
Ought 8 2.1 The meaning of 'ought' 8 2.2 Normative and non-normative oughts
9 2.3 Owned and unowned oughts 12 2.4 Qualified and unqualified oughts 25
Notes 29 3 Objective, Subjective and Prospective Oughts 31 3.1 Sidgwick's
View 31 3.2 The need to decide 34 3.3 Objective and prospective oughts 36
3.4 Valuing prospects 41 3.5 Summary 45 Notes 45 4 Reasons 46 4.1
Introduction and preliminaries 46 4.2 Pro toto reasons 49 4.3 Pro tanto
reasons 51 4.4 Most reason 62 4.5 Ownership of reasons 65 5 Responding to
Reasons 71 5.1 Rationality and responding to reasons 71 5.2 The quick
objection 74 5.3 Attitudinal reasons 75 5.4 Sufficiency of reasons 82 Notes
87 6 Responding to Reason-Beliefs 88 6.1 The Enkratic Condition 88 6.2
Meeting your own standards 91 6.3 Responding correctly to P-beliefs 101 6.4
Conclusion 107 Notes 108 7 Requirements 109 7.1 Two sorts of requirement
109 7.2 Property requirements 110 7.3 Source requirements 116 7.4 Logic for
requirements? 119 7.5 Ought 126 Notes 129 8 Conditional Requirements 132
8.1 Application and content 132 8.2 Conditional requirements of rationality
134 Notes 146 Appendix to Chapter 8 148 9 Synchronic Rationality 149 9.1
Introduction and method 149 9.2 Consistency 154 9.3 Deduction 157 9.4
Instrumental Rationality 159 9.5 Enkrasia 170 9.6 Bayesian requirements 175
Notes 175 10 Diachronic Rationality 177 10.1 Persistence of Intention 177
10.2 The rationality of doing as you decide 181 10.3 Diachronic
requirements on beliefs 185 Notes 69 10.4 Basing prohibitions and basing
permissions 186 Notes 191 11 Rationality and Normativity 192 11.1 The
Normative Question 192 11.2 More on rationality and reasons 193 11.3 Is
rationality derivatively normative? 197 11.4 Is rationality
non-derivatively normative? 204 Notes 205 12 Higher-Order Reasoning 206
12.1 The reasoning process 206 12.2 Reasoning through an intention 210 12.3
Reasoning with judgement-sensitive attitudes 216 12.4 One more point 219
Notes 220 13 First-Order Reasoning 221 13.1 The reasoning process 221 13.2
Necessary and sufficient conditions for reasoning 225 13.3 Operating on
contents 231 13.4 Reasoning as activity 235 13.5 Reasoning at the first
order 242 13.6 The direction of reasoning 243 13.7 Correct belief reasoning
246 Notes 248 14 Practical Reasoning 250 14.1 Reasoning with attitudes
other than beliefs 250 14.2 Correctness 255 14.3 Choosing a means 261 14.4
Hypothesizing 264 Notes 265 15 Explicit Reasoning 267 15.1 Markers 267 15.2
Bayesian and expressivist reasoning 275 15.3 Reasoning with absences 278
15.4 Theoretical and practical reasoning 281 15.5 Intention reasoning with
other markers 285 Notes 286 16 Enkratic Reasoning 288 16.1 Enkratic
reasoning 288 16.2 Humean objections 291 16.3 Conclusion 294 Notes 294
Bibliography 295 Index 303

Rezensionen

"Rationality Through Reasoning is clearly written, and it contains many discussions with other experts in this genre of analytic philosophy, such as Gilbert Harman, Niko Kolodny, and Derek Parfit, to whom the book is dedicated." (Ethical Perspectives, 1 March 2014)

"This book is a masterclass in how to deploy illuminating examples and penetrating analyses to illuminate the connections between reasons, rationality, what ought to be done and intention." -- Frank Jackson, The Australian National University

"We ought to be deeply grateful to John Broome for having shed so much light on the nature of rationality, reasons and reasoning. His book will set a new standard of clarity in the discussion of these difficult but fundamental topics." -- Paul Boghossian, New York University