Just as history of the twentieth century experienced dramatic events - World War I, Communism, Nazism, World War II, the Cold War, and the ruin of the Soviet Union - Christian theology underwent significant phases: dialectic theology, de-mythologization, theology of hope, theology of liberation, and post-liberal theology of narrative. One of its most important advances is the recognition that the departure point of theology is nothing, but God's self-revelation. While evaluating this vantage point, the author explores a new, necessary perspective for relevant Christian social ethics by analyzing the theological relations of Niebuhr, the American theologian of liberal democracy; Hromadka, the Czech theologian of communism; Barth, the Swiss theologian of revelation; and Troeltsch, the German theologian of history.
"The author's analysis of the theoretical confrontations of Niebuhr and Hromadka, which started at the World Council of Churches in 1948 and ended symbolically with the ruin of the Soviet Union in 1989 after their deaths, in the context of the world history makes the work quite an interesting history of Christianity of the twentieth century. Moreover, his method to illuminate their theological achievements against the background of Troeltsch's as well as Barth's influence upon them offers us an excellent survey of contemporary Christian theology." (Dr. Yasuo Furuya, former Professor at the International Christian University in Tokyo)