Immer mehr Urologen und Onkologen entscheiden sich beim Management urologischer Krebserkrankungen für den Erhalt und nicht die Entfernung des betroffenen Gewebes. Dieses Fachbuch erläutert alle verfügbaren Optionen und zeigt das bestmögliche Patientenmanagement. Herausgeber Mark Schoenberg ist ein international anerkannter Experte auf diesem neuen, aufregenden Gebiet und hat ein herausragendes Team zusammengestellt, zu dem einige der führenden Urologen und Onkologen aus Nordamerika und Europa gehören.
Immer mehr Urologen und Onkologen entscheiden sich beim Management urologischer Krebserkrankungen für den Erhalt und nicht die Entfernung des betroffenen Gewebes. Dieses Fachbuch erläutert alle verfügbaren Optionen und zeigt das bestmögliche Patientenmanagement. Herausgeber Mark Schoenberg ist ein international anerkannter Experte auf diesem neuen, aufregenden Gebiet und hat ein herausragendes Team zusammengestellt, zu dem einige der führenden Urologen und Onkologen aus Nordamerika und Europa gehören.
MARK P. SCHOENBERG, MD, University Professor & Chair, Department of Urology, The Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA KARA L. WATTS, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Urology, The Montefiore Medical Center and The Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
Inhaltsangabe
List of Contributors xiii
Preface xvii
Cancer Genetics, Cancer Biology, and Tumor Growth and Metastasis: The Interaction of Cancer and Its Host Environment 1 Mark C. Markowski and Kenneth J. Pienta
Renal Cell Carcinoma 1
Bladder Cancer 3
Prostate Cancer 6
References 12
Pathological Basis of Tumor Characterization: Cytopathology, Surgical Pathology, and How Histo?]Morphology Informs Treatment Decision Making 19 Oleksandr N. Kryvenko and Fadi Brimo
The Kidney 23
The Urothelium 27
The Testis 29
References 30
The Immunobiology of Tumor Ablation 33 Rafi Kabarriti and Chandan Guha
Manipulating the Immune System to Fight Cancer 33
Can We Take Advantage of Ablative Therapies to Activate the Immune System? 34
Immunomodulatory Properties of HIFU 35
Immunomodulatory Properties of Cryotherapy 36
Immunomodulatory Properties of Radiation Therapy 37
References 38
Computed Tomography of Urologic Malignancies: The Role of MDCT in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Transitional Cell Carcinoma 41 Siva P. Raman and Elliot K. Fishman
Introduction 41
MDCT Protocol Design 41
Three?]Dimensional Reconstructions 44
Neoplasms of the Intrarenal Collecting Systems, Ureters, and Bladder 45
Solid Renal Parenchymal Lesions 49
Conclusion 55
References 55
MRI and Metabolic Imaging 59 Louise Dickinson, Francesco Fraioli, Athar Haroon, and Clare Allen
Magnetic Resonance Imaging 59
MRI Sequences 59
Clinical Applications of MRI for Prostate Cancer 61
Clinical Applications of MRI for Renal Cancer 63
Clinical Applications of MRI for Bladder Cancer 64
New Advances in MRI 65
Metabolic Imaging 66
Clinical Applications of PET-CT for Prostate Cancer 69
Active Surveillance for Low?]Risk Prostate Cancer 113 Laurence Klotz
Introduction and Background 113
Rationale 113
Genetic Features of Low?]Grade Prostate Cancer 114
Metastatic Potential 115
Limitations of PSA Kinetics 116
Role of MRI 116
Implications for Patient Management 117
Eligibility for Surveillance 118
Outcome of Surveillance 119
Modeling 119
AS in Practice 121
Conclusions 121
References 122
Tissue?]Preserving Surgical Approaches in Urologic Oncology: The Therapeutic Mechanism for Tumor Ablation 127 Ganesh Kartha and J. Stephen Jones
Introduction 127
Cryoablation: Extreme Cold for Tumor Necrosis 128
Conclusion 130
References 130
Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer: An Evidence?]Based Approach to Tissue?]Preserving Strategies 133 Kara L. Watts, Yaalini Shanmugabavan, Victoria Chernyak, and Hashim Uddin Ahmed
Introduction 133
Key Concepts in FT for PCa 134
Tissue?]Preserving FTs 135
Cryotherapy 135
HIFU 137
Salvage Focal/Hemiablation HIFU 140
IRE 141
Radiation 142
Additional Therapies 143
Implications for Research 144
Conclusions 144
References 145
The Modern Basis for Nephron?]Sparing Surgery in Patients with Renal Cancer: Biologic Heterogeneity, the Significance of Tumor Biopsy, and the Changing Roles of Partial Nephrectomy and Tumor Ablation 151 Jeffrey J. Tomaszewski, Robert G. Uzzo, and David Y.T. Chen
Introduction 151
Principal Treatment Options for SRMs and the Basis for Nephron Preservation 152 &nbs
Cancer Genetics, Cancer Biology, and Tumor Growth and Metastasis: The Interaction of Cancer and Its Host Environment 1 Mark C. Markowski and Kenneth J. Pienta
Renal Cell Carcinoma 1
Bladder Cancer 3
Prostate Cancer 6
References 12
Pathological Basis of Tumor Characterization: Cytopathology, Surgical Pathology, and How Histo?]Morphology Informs Treatment Decision Making 19 Oleksandr N. Kryvenko and Fadi Brimo
The Kidney 23
The Urothelium 27
The Testis 29
References 30
The Immunobiology of Tumor Ablation 33 Rafi Kabarriti and Chandan Guha
Manipulating the Immune System to Fight Cancer 33
Can We Take Advantage of Ablative Therapies to Activate the Immune System? 34
Immunomodulatory Properties of HIFU 35
Immunomodulatory Properties of Cryotherapy 36
Immunomodulatory Properties of Radiation Therapy 37
References 38
Computed Tomography of Urologic Malignancies: The Role of MDCT in Renal Cell Carcinoma and Transitional Cell Carcinoma 41 Siva P. Raman and Elliot K. Fishman
Introduction 41
MDCT Protocol Design 41
Three?]Dimensional Reconstructions 44
Neoplasms of the Intrarenal Collecting Systems, Ureters, and Bladder 45
Solid Renal Parenchymal Lesions 49
Conclusion 55
References 55
MRI and Metabolic Imaging 59 Louise Dickinson, Francesco Fraioli, Athar Haroon, and Clare Allen
Magnetic Resonance Imaging 59
MRI Sequences 59
Clinical Applications of MRI for Prostate Cancer 61
Clinical Applications of MRI for Renal Cancer 63
Clinical Applications of MRI for Bladder Cancer 64
New Advances in MRI 65
Metabolic Imaging 66
Clinical Applications of PET-CT for Prostate Cancer 69
Active Surveillance for Low?]Risk Prostate Cancer 113 Laurence Klotz
Introduction and Background 113
Rationale 113
Genetic Features of Low?]Grade Prostate Cancer 114
Metastatic Potential 115
Limitations of PSA Kinetics 116
Role of MRI 116
Implications for Patient Management 117
Eligibility for Surveillance 118
Outcome of Surveillance 119
Modeling 119
AS in Practice 121
Conclusions 121
References 122
Tissue?]Preserving Surgical Approaches in Urologic Oncology: The Therapeutic Mechanism for Tumor Ablation 127 Ganesh Kartha and J. Stephen Jones
Introduction 127
Cryoablation: Extreme Cold for Tumor Necrosis 128
Conclusion 130
References 130
Focal Therapy for Prostate Cancer: An Evidence?]Based Approach to Tissue?]Preserving Strategies 133 Kara L. Watts, Yaalini Shanmugabavan, Victoria Chernyak, and Hashim Uddin Ahmed
Introduction 133
Key Concepts in FT for PCa 134
Tissue?]Preserving FTs 135
Cryotherapy 135
HIFU 137
Salvage Focal/Hemiablation HIFU 140
IRE 141
Radiation 142
Additional Therapies 143
Implications for Research 144
Conclusions 144
References 145
The Modern Basis for Nephron?]Sparing Surgery in Patients with Renal Cancer: Biologic Heterogeneity, the Significance of Tumor Biopsy, and the Changing Roles of Partial Nephrectomy and Tumor Ablation 151 Jeffrey J. Tomaszewski, Robert G. Uzzo, and David Y.T. Chen
Introduction 151
Principal Treatment Options for SRMs and the Basis for Nephron Preservation 152 &nbs
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