Xinwei Wang

Experimental Micro/Nanoscale Thermal Transport (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

This book covers the new technologies on micro/nanoscale thermal characterization developed in the Micro/Nanoscale Thermal Science Laboratory led by Dr. Xinwei Wang. Five new non-contact and non-destructive technologies are introduced: optical heating and electrical sensing technique, transient electro-thermal technique, transient photo-electro-thermal technique, pulsed laser-assisted thermal relaxation technique, and steady-state electro-Raman-thermal technique. These techniques feature significantly improved ease of implementation, super signal-to-noise ratio, and have the capacity of measuring the thermal conductivity/diffusivity of various one-dimensional structures from dielectric, semiconductive, to metallic materials.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 280
• Erscheinungstermin: 8. Mai 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781118310199
• Artikelnr.: 37871811

Autorenporträt

XINWEI WANG, PHD, is a Full Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Iowa State University, where he is also the Director of the Micro/Nanoscale Thermal Science Laboratory. His current research focuses on SPM-based thermal probing and thermal transport in biomaterials.

Inhaltsangabe

PREFACE xi 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 Unique Feature of Thermal Transport in
Nanoscale and Nanostructured Materials 1 1.1.1 Thermal Transport
Constrained by Material Size 2 1.1.2 Thermal Transport Constrained by Time
6 1.1.3 Thermal Transport Constrained by the Size of Physical Process 8 1.2
Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Thermal Transport at Micro/Nanoscales 10
1.2.1 Equilibrium MD Prediction of Thermal Conductivity 11 1.2.2
Nonequilibrium MD Study of Thermal Transport 15 1.2.3 MD Study of Thermal
Transport Constrained by Time 18 1.3 Boltzmann Transportation Equation for
Thermal Transport Study 21 1.4 Direct Energy Carrier Relaxation Tracking
(DECRT) 32 1.5 Challenges in Characterizing Thermal Transport at
Micro/Nanoscales 44 References 45 2 THERMAL CHARACTERIZATION IN FREQUENCY
DOMAIN 47 2.1 Frequency Domain Photoacoustic (PA) Technique 47 2.1.1
Physical Model 48 2.1.2 Experimental Details 50 2.1.3 PA Measurement of
Films and Bulk Materials 52 2.1.4 Uncertainty of the PA Measurement 55 2.2
Frequency Domain Photothermal Radiation (PTR) Technique 57 2.2.1
Experimental Details of the PTR Technique 57 2.2.2 PTR Measurement of
Micrometer-Thick Films 58 2.2.3 PTR with Internal Heating of Desired
Locations 60 2.3 Three-Omega Technique 62 2.3.1 Physical Model of the
3omega Technique for One-Dimensional Structures 62 2.3.2 Experimental
Details 65 2.3.3 Calibration of the Experiment 67 2.3.4 Measurement of
Micrometer-Thick Wires 69 2.3.5 Effect of Radiation on Measurement Result
70 2.4 Optical Heating Electrical Thermal Sensing (OHETS) Technique 73
2.4.1 Experimental Principle and Physical Model 73 2.4.2 Effect of
Nonuniform Distribution of Laser Beam 74 2.4.3 Experimental Details and
Calibration 77 2.4.4 Measurement of Electrically Conductive Wires 79 2.4.5
Measurement of Nonconductive Wires 81 2.4.6 Effect of Au Coating on
Measurement 83 2.4.7 Temperature Rise in the OHETS Experiment 84 2.5
Comparison Among the Techniques 85 References 86 3 TRANSIENT TECHNOLOGIES
IN THE TIME DOMAIN 87 3.1 Transient Photo-Electro-Thermal (TPET) Technique
87 3.1.1 Experimental Principles 88 3.1.2 Physical Model Development 88
3.1.3 Effect of Nonuniform Distribution and Finite Rising Time of the Laser
Beam 90 3.1.4 Experimental Setup 92 3.1.5 Technique Validation 93 3.1.6
Thermal Characterization of SWCNT Bundles and Cloth Fibers 95 3.2 Transient
Electrothermal (TET) Technique 98 3.2.1 Physical Principles of the TET
Technique 98 3.2.2 Methods for Data Analysis to Determine the Thermal
Diffusivity 100 3.2.3 Effect of Nonconstant Electrical Heating 101 3.2.4
Experimental Details 102 3.2.5 Technique Validation 104 3.2.6 Measurement
of SWCNT Bundles 105 3.2.7 Measurement of Polyester Fibers 107 3.2.8
Measurement of Micro/Submicroscale Polyacrylonitrile Wires 109 3.3 Pulsed
Laser-Assisted Thermal Relaxation Technique 113 3.3.1 Experimental
Principles 113 3.3.2 Physical Model for the PLTR Technique 114 3.3.3
Methods to Determine the Thermal Diffusivity 116 3.3.4 Experimental Setup
and Technique Validation 117 3.3.5 Measurement of Multiwalled Carbon
Nanotube (MWCNT) Bundles 118 3.3.6 Measurement of Individual Microscale
Carbon Fibers 122 3.4 Super Channeling Effect for Thermal Transport in
Micro/Nanoscale Wires 123 3.5 Multidimensional Thermal Characterization 128
3.5.1 Sample Preparation 129 3.5.2 Thermal Characterization Design 130
3.5.3 Thermal Transport Along the Axial Direction of Amorphous TiO2
Nanotubes 131 3.5.4 Thermal Transport in the Cross-Tube Direction of
Amorphous TiO2 Nanotubes 133 3.5.5 Evaluation of Thermal Contact Resistance
Between Amorphous TiO2 Nanotubes 136 3.5.6 Anisotropic Thermal Transport in
Anatase TiO2 Nanotubes 137 3.6 Remarks on the Transient Technologies 139
References 139 4 STEADY-STATE THERMAL CHARACTERIZATION 141 4.1 Generalized
Electrothermal Characterization 142 4.1.1 Generalized Electrothermal (GET)
Technique: Combined Transient and Steady States 142 4.1.2 Experimental
Setup 144 4.1.3 Experimental Details 145 4.1.4 Measurement of MWCNT Bundle
with L = 3.33 mm and D = 94.5 mum 147 4.1.5 Measurement of MWCNT Bundle
with L = 2.90 mm and D = 233 mum 153 4.1.6 Analysis of the Tube-to-Tube
Thermal Contact Resistance 157 4.1.7 Effect of Radiation Heat Loss 158 4.2
Get Measurement of Porous Freestanding Thin Films Composed of Anatase TiO2
Nanofibers 159 4.2.1 Sample Preparation 160 4.2.2 R-T Calibration 162 4.2.3
TET Measurement of Thermal Conductivity and Thermal Diffusivity 163 4.2.4
Thermophysical Properties of Samples with Different Dimensions 167 4.2.5
The Intrinsic Thermal Conductivity of TiO2 Nanofibers 170 4.2.6 Uncertainty
Analysis 172 4.3 Measurement of Micrometer-Thick Polymer Films 173 4.3.1
Sample Preparation 173 4.3.2 Electrical Resistance (R)-Temperature
Coefficient Calibration 175 4.3.3 Measurement of Thermal Conductivity and
Thermal Diffusivity 175 4.3.4 Thermophysical Properties of P3HT Thin Films
with Different Dimensions 178 4.4 Steady-State Electro-Raman Thermal (SERT)
Technique 182 4.4.1 Experimental Principle and Physical Model Development
183 4.4.2 Experimental Setup for Measuring CNT Buckypaper 187 4.4.3
Calibration Experiment 188 4.4.4 Thermal Characterization of MWCNT
Buckypapers 190 4.4.5 Thermal Conductivity Analysis 192 4.4.6 Uncertainty
Induced by Location of Laser Focal Point 195 4.4.7 Effect of Thermal and
Electrical Contact Resistances and Thermal Transport in Electrodes 196 4.5
SERT Measurement of MWCNT Bundles 197 4.6 Extension of the Steady-State
Techniques 202 References 202 5 STEADY-STATE OPTICAL-BASED THERMAL PROBING
AND CHARACTERIZATION 205 5.1 Sub-10-nm Temperature Measurement 205 5.1.1
Introduction to Sub-10-nm Near-Field Focusing 206 5.1.2 Experimental Design
and Conduction 208 5.1.3 Measurement Results 210 5.1.4 Physics Behind
Near-Field Focusing and Thermal Transport 213 5.2 Thermal Probing at
nm/SUB-nm Resolution for Studying Interface Thermal Transport 219 5.2.1
Introduction 219 5.2.2 Experimental Method 220 5.2.3 Experimental Results
221 5.2.4 Comparison with Molecular Dynamics Simulation 225 5.2.5
Discussion 226 5.3 Optical Heating and Thermal Sensing using Raman
Spectrometer 234 5.3.1 Thermal Conductivity Measurement of Suspended
Filmlike Materials 234 5.3.2 Thermal Conductivity Measurement of Suspended
Nanowires 236 5.4 Bilayer Sensor-Based Technique 237 5.5 Further
Consideration for Micro/Nanoscale Thermal Sensing and Characterization 238
5.5.1 Electrothermal Sensing in Thermal Characterization of Coatings/Films
239 5.5.2 Transient Photo-Heating and Thermal Sensing of Wirelike Samples
240 References 242 INDEX 247