Skin Microbiome Handbook (eBook, ePUB)

From Basic Research to Product Development
Redaktion: Dayan, Nava

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

The book provides a comprehensive detailed summary of current status on skin microbiome research in health and disease as well as key regulatory and legal aspects. In the past decade, interest and technology have greatly advanced to unravel the nature and effect of skin microbiome on our health. Diseases such as atopic dermatitis and acne are at the forefront of this research, but also other conditions such as skin cancer are under investigation. In addition, mapping of the skin microbiome has gone from basic to more detailed with attempts to correlate it to various ages, ethnicities and genders. In parallel to mapping it, a great deal of research is dedicated to understanding its functionality and communication (and hence effect) on human cells. The Skin Microbiome Handbook is a summary of current status of knowledge, research tools and approaches in skin microbiome, in health and disease. It contains the following categories: healthy skin microbiome and oral-skin interaction; skin microbiome observational research; skin microbiome in disequilibrium and disease; skin's innate immunity; testing and study design; regulatory and legal aspects for skin microbiome related products. The 18 chapters of the book are written by carefully selected leaders in the academia and industry exhibiting extensive experience and understanding in the areas of interest.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 432
• Erscheinungstermin: 16. September 2020
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781119593027
• Artikelnr.: 60784849

Autorenporträt

Nava Dayan Ph.D. Pharm D. is a research scientist who has specialized in skin product development for nearly 3 decades. She is the owner of Dr. Nava Dayan L.L.C, a skin science and research consultancy serving the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and personal care industries; dermal and transdermal. The uniqueness of Dr. Dayan's approach is in its comprehensiveness since she covers biology, physics, efficacy, toxicology, formulations product development, and bio-availability. With her many years of experience in the skin care sector, she has produced more than 150 publication credits in numerous industry-respected journals and in four books. Her research focus is on feasibility in skin care, composition of R&D plans covering efficacy and toxicology; planning, execution and data interpretation into claims, formulations, delivery for improved efficacy and attenuated toxicity, drug-skin interaction, bio-markers, skin/age related sensitivities, inflammatory skin disorders, innate immunity and skin microbiome. This is her fifth book and her 2nd with the Wiley-Scrivener imprint.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface xvii

Part 1: Healthy Skin Microbiome and Oral-Skin Interactions 1

1 The Microbiome of Healthy Skin 3
Samantha Samaras and Michael Hoptroff

1.1 Introduction 3

1.1.1 Retrospective 3

1.1.2 Next Generation Sequencing 6

1.2 The Skin Microbiome in Health 7

1.2.1 Composition 7

1.2.2 Diversity 10

1.2.3 Uniqueness 13

1.3 Healthy Skin is the Foundation of a Balanced Skin Microbiome 14

1.3.1 Physical Aspects of Skin Impacting the Microbiome 14

1.3.2 Biochemical and Defensive Aspects of Skin Impacting the Microbiome 16

1.3.2.1 The Acid Mantle 16

1.3.2.2 Antimicrobial Lipids (AMLs) 16

1.3.2.3 Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) 17

1.3.3 Nutritional and Microenvironmental Aspects of Skin Impacting the Microbiome 18

1.3.3.1 Amino Acids 18

1.3.3.2 Sebaceous Lipids 19

1.3.3.3 Organic Acids and Other Materials 19

1.4 A Balanced Skin Microbiome Supports the Normal Functioning of Healthy Skin 20

1.4.1 Pathogen Exclusion 20

1.4.2 Contribution to Skin pH 20

1.4.3 Microbial Contribution to Skin Barrier Integrity 21

1.5 Conclusion 22

Acknowledgments 23

References 23

2 The Gut Microbiome-Skin Axis: Impact on Skin and Systemic Health 33
David Drake

2.1 Introduction 34

2.2 The Gut-Skin Microbiome Axis 35

2.3 The Gut-Skin Microbiome Axis: Principle Pathways 35

2.4 Dysbiosis of the Gut Microbiome and Skin Dyshomeostasis 37

2.4.1 Acne Vulgaris 38

2.4.2 Atopic Dermatitis 39

2.5 Summary and Future Directions 39

References 40

3 The Skin and Oral Microbiome: An Examination of Overlap and Potential Interactions between Microbiome Communities 45
Sandra Buerger

3.1 Introduction 45

3.1.1 Focus of the Chapter 45

3.1.2 Definition of Skin Microbiome 47

3.1.3 Definition of Oral Microbiome 48

3.2 Characterization of the Microbiome 48

3.2.1 Variability and Stability of Skin and Oral Microbiome 48

3.2.2 Microbial Community 49

3.2.2.1 Permeant Mutualistic or Commensal Microbes 49

3.2.2.2 Non-Pathogenic Transient Microbes 50

3.2.2.3 Pathogenic Microbes 50

3.3 The Core Skin and Oral Microbiomes 51

3.3.1 Taxonomic Methodology 51

3.3.2 Subgroups of the Microbiome 52

3.3.2.1 Bacteriome 52

3.3.2.2 Mycobiome (and Other Eukaryotic Microbial Members) 52

3.3.2.3 Virome 53

3.4 Interactions Between Skin and Oral Microbiomes 54

3.4.1 Potential for Interactions 54

3.4.2 Quorum Sensing 54

3.4.3 Immune System Development 54

3.4.4 Future Directions 55

3.5 Conclusion 55

Acknowledgments 56

References 56

Part 2: Skin Microbiome Observational Research 59

4 Skin Microbiome Alterations in Skin Diseases 61
Travis Whitfill, Gilles R. Dubé and Julia Oh

4.1 Introduction and Background 61

4.2 Interactions Between Microbes and Host 62

4.3 Summary of Known Associations Between Skin Dysbioses and Skin Diseases 64

4.3.1 The Role of S. Aureus in Skin Disease 64

4.3.2 Atopic Dermatitis 64

4.3.3 Acne Vulgaris 66

4.3.4 Psoriasis 67

4.4 Skin Dysbioses in Skin Health 68

4.5 Other Skin Conditions 68

4.6 Therapeutic Approaches to Dysbiosis-Associated Skin Diseases 69

4.6.1 Traditional Methods of Treating Dysbiosis-Associated Skin Diseases 69

4.6.1.1 Atop