Ronald J. Pogorzelski, Apostolos Georgiadis

Coupled-Oscillator Based Active-Array Antennas (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

Describing an innovative approach to phased-array control in antenna design This book explores in detail phased-array antennas that use coupled-oscillator arrays, an arrangement featuring a remarkably simple beam steering control system and a major reduction in complexity compared with traditional methods of phased-array control. It brings together in one convenient, self-contained volume the many salient research results obtained over the past ten to fifteen years in laboratories around the world, including the California Institute of Technology's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The authors examine the underlying theoretical framework of coupled-oscillator systems, clearly explaining the linear and nonlinear formalisms used in the development of coupled-oscillator arrays, while introducing a variety of state-of-the-art methodologies, design solutions, and tools for applying this control scheme. Readers will find: * Numerous implementation examples of coupled-oscillator array prototypes * A continuum model that permits application of diffusion theory to the analysis of phase dynamics * A demonstration of the array behavior through experimental results that validate the linearized theory * Examples of how incorporating coupling delay restores causality, including the latest published results * Guidance on how to accurately analyze and optimize coupled-oscillator arrays using modern simulation tools * A review of current developments, including the design of compact couple-oscillator array antennas Complete with 150 diagrams and photographs, Coupled-Oscillator Based Active-Array Antennas is a highly useful tutorial for antenna designers and a valuable reference for researchers and engineers wishing to learn about this cutting-edge technology.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 380
• Erscheinungstermin: 10. Juli 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781118309971
• Artikelnr.: 37358364

Autorenporträt

RONALD J. POGORZELSKI, PhD, is Senior Research Scientist Emeritus and the former supervisor of the Spacecraft Antenna Research Group at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. He has authored or coauthored over 100 technical publications and presentations and was editor of the IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. APOSTOLOS GEORGIADIS, PhD, is a Senior Research Associate at Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC) in Barcelona, Spain, where he is involved in active antennas and antenna arrays as well as RFID technology and energy harvesting.

Inhaltsangabe

Foreword xi Preface xiii Acknowledgments xvii Authors xix PART I: THEORY
AND ANALYSIS 1 Chapter 1 Introduction--Oscillators and Synchronization 3
1.1 Early Work in Mathematical Biology and Electronic Circuits 3 1.2 van
der Pol's Model 5 1.3 Injection Locking (Adier's Formalism) and Its Spectra
(Locked and Unlocked) 7 1.4 Mutual Injection Locking of Two Oscillators 21
1.5 Conclusion 26 Chapter 2 Coupled-Oscillator Arrays-Basic Analytical
Description and Operating Principles 27 2.1 Fundamental Equations 28 2.2
Discrete Model Solution (Linearization and Laplace Transformation) 31 2.3
Steady-State Solution 37 2.4 Stability of the Phase Solution in the Full
Nonlinear Formulation 41 2.5 External Injection Locking 46 2.6
Generalization to Planar Arrays 50 2.7 Coupling Networks 54 2.8 Conclusion
66 Chapter 3 The Continuum Model for Linear Arrays 67 3.1 The Linear Array
without External Injection 68 3.2 The Linear Array with External Injection
81 3.3 Beam-Steering via End Detuning 93 3.4 Beam-Steering via End
Injection 95 3.5 Conclusion 102 Chapter 4 The Continuum Model for Planar
Arrays 103 4.1 Cartesian Coupling in the Continuum Model without External
Injection 103 4.2 Cartesian Coupling in the Continuum Model with External
Injection 109 4.3 Non-Cartesian Coupling Topologies 118 4.4 Conclusion 137
Chapter 5 Causality and Coupling Delay 139 5.1 Coupling Delay 139 5.2 The
Discrete Model with Coupling Delay 141 5.3 The Continuum Model with
Coupling Delay 146 5.4 Beam Steering in the Continuum Model with Coupling
Delay 159 5.5 Conclusion 173 PART II: EXPERIMENTAL WORK AND APPLICATIONS
175 Chapter 6 Experimental Validation of the Theory 177 6.1 Linear-Array
Experiments 177 6.2 Planar-Array Experiments 188 6.3 Receive-Array
Experiments 201 6.4 Phase Noise 210 6.5 The Unlocked State 213 6.6
Conclusion 215 PART III: NONLINEAR BEHAVIOR 217 Chapter 7 Perturbation
Models for Stability, Phase Noise, and Modulation 219 7.1 Preliminaries of
Dynamical Systems 220 7.2 Bifurcations of Nonlinear Dynamical Systems 226
7.3 The Averaging Method and Multiple Time Scales 230 7.4 Averaging Theory
in Coupled Oscillator Systems 231 7.5 Obtaining the Parameters of the van
der Pol Oscillator Model 235 7.6 An Alternative Perturbation Model for
Coupled-Oscillator Systems 238 7.7 Matrix Equations for the Steady State
and Stability Analysis 242 7.8 A Comparison between the Two Perturbation
Models for Coupled Oscillator Systems 246 7.9 Externally Injection-Locked
COAs 247 7.10 Phase Noise 250 7.11 Modulation 256 7.12 Coupled Phase-Locked
Loops 258 7.13 Conclusion 261 Chapter 8 Numerical Methods for Simulating
Coupled-Oscillator Arrays 263 8.1 Introduction to Numerical Methods 264 8.2
Obtaining Periodic Steady-State Solutions of Autonomous Circuits in
Harmonic-Balance Simulators 270 8.3 Numerical Analysis of a
Voltage-Controlled Oscillator 272 8.4 Numerical Analysis of a Five-Element
Linear Coupled-Oscillator Array 278 8.5 Numerical Analysis of an Externally
Injection-Locked Five-Element Linear Coupled-Oscillator Array 286 8.6
Harmonic Radiation for Extended Scanning Range 288 8.7 Numerical Analysis
of a Self-Oscillating Mixer 291 8.8 Conclusion 296 Chapter 9 Beamforming in
Coupled-Oscillator Arrays 297 9.1 Preliminary Concepts of Convex
Optimization 297 9.2 Beamforming in COAs 301 9.3 Stability Optimization of
the Coupled-Oscillator Steady-State Solution 308 9.4 Multi-Beam Pattern
Generation Using Coupled-Oscillator Arrays 311 9.5 Control of the Amplitude
Dynamics 315 9.6 Adaptive Coupled-Oscillator Array Beamformer 317 9.7
Conclusion 320 Chapter 10 Overall Conclusions and Possible Future
Directions 321 REFERENCES 325 ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 341 INDEX 345