Philip Kearey, Keith A. Klepeis, Frederick J. Vine

Global Tectonics (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

The third edition of this widely acclaimed textbook provides a comprehensive introduction to all aspects of global tectonics, and includes major revisions to reflect the most significant recent advances in the field. * A fully revised third edition of this highly acclaimed text written by eminent authors including one of the pioneers of plate tectonic theory * Major revisions to this new edition reflect the most significant recent advances in the field, including new and expanded chapters on Precambrian tectonics and the supercontinent cycle and the implications of plate tectonics for environmental change * Combines a historical approach with process science to provide a careful balance between geological and geophysical material in both continental and oceanic regimes * Dedicated website available at href="http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/kearey/">www.blackwellpublishing.com/kearey

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 496
• Erscheinungstermin: 26. Januar 2009
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781444303223
• Artikelnr.: 37355705

Autorenporträt

PHIL KEAREY was Senior Lecturer in Applied Geophysics in the Department of Earth Sciences at Bristol University, U.K. prior to his premature death in 2003. In his research he used various types of geophysical data, but gravity and magnetic data in particular, to elucidate crustal structure in the eastern Caribbean, Canadian shield and southern England. KEITH KLEPEIS is a Professor in the Department of Geology at the University of Vermont, U.S.A. He specializes in the areas of structural geology and continental tectonics and has worked extensively on the evolution of orogenic belts and fault systems in New Zealand, Patagonia, West Antarctica, Australia, British Columbia and southeast Alaska. FREDERICK J. VINE is an Emeritus Professor in the School of Environmental Sciences at the University of East Anglia, Norwich, U.K. He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society of London and has received numerous awards for work on the interpretation of oceanic magnetic anomalies and ophiolites, fragments of oceanic crust thrust up on land, in terms of sea floor spreading.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface. Acknowledgments. 1. Historical perspective. 1.1 Continental drift.
1.2 Sea floor spreading and the birth of plate tectonics. 1.3 Geosynclinal
theory. 1.4 Impact of plate tectonics. 2. The interior of the Earth. 2.1
Earthquake seismology. 2.2 Velocity structure of the Earth. 2.3 Composition
of the Earth. 2.4 The crust. 2.5 Ophiolites. 2.6 Metamorphism of oceanic
crust. 2.7 Differences between continental and oceanic crust. 2.8 The
mantle. 2.9 The core. 2.10 Rheology of the crust and mantle. 2.11 Isostasy.
2.12 Lithosphere and asthenosphere. 2.13 Terrestrial heat flow. 3.
Continental drift. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Continental reconstructions. 3.3
Geologic evidence for continental drift. 3.4 Paleoclimatology. 3.5
Paleontologic evidence for continental drift. 3.6 Paleomagnetism. 4. Sea
floor spreading and transform faults. 4.1 Sea floor spreading. 4.2
Transform faults. 5. The framework of plate tectonics. 5.1 Plates and plate
margins. 5.2 Distribution of earthquakes. 5.3 Relative plate motions. 5.4
Absolute plate motions. 5.5 Hotspots. 5.6 True polar wander. 5.7 Cretaceous
superplume. 5.8 Direct measurement of relative plate motions. 5.9 Finite
plate motions. 5.10 Stability of triple junctions. 5.11 Present day triple
junctions. 6. Ocean ridges. 6.1 Ocean ridge topography. 6.2 Broad structure
of the upper mantle below ridges. 6.3 Origin of anomalous upper mantle
beneath ridges. 6.4 Depth-age relationship of oceanic lithosphere. 6.5 Heat
flow and hydrothermal circulation. 6.6 Seismic evidence for an axial magma
chamber. 6.7 Along-axis segmentation of oceanic ridges. 6.8 Petrology of
ocean ridges. 6.9 Shallow structure of the axial region. 6.10 Origin of the
oceanic crust. 6.11 Propagating rifts and microplates. 6.12 Oceanic
fracture zones. 7. Continental rifts and rifted margins. 7.1 Introduction.
7.2 General characteristics of narrow rifts. 7.3 General characteristics of
wide rifts. 7.4 Volcanic activity. 7.5 Rift initiation. 7.6 Strain
localization and delocalization processes. 7.7 Rifted continental margins.
7.8 Case studies: the transition from rift to rifted margin. 7.9 The Wilson
cycle. 8. Continental transforms and strike-slip faults. 8.1 Introduction.
8.2 Fault styles and physiography. 8.3 The deep structure of continental
transforms. 8.4 Transform continental margins. 8.5 Continuous versus
discontinuous deformation. 8.6 Strain localization and delocalization
mechanisms. 8.7 Measuring the strength of transforms. 9. Subduction zones.
9.1 Ocean trenches. 9.2 General morphology of island arc systems. 9.3
Gravity anomalies of subduction zones. 9.4 Structure of subduction zones
from earthquakes. 9.5 Thermal structure of the downgoing slab. 9.6
Variations in subduction zone characteristics. 9.7 Accretionary prisms. 9.8
Volcanic and plutonic activity. 9.9 Metamorphism at convergent margins.
9.10 Backarc basins. 10. Orogenic belts. 10.1 Introduction. 10.2
Ocean-continent convergence. 10.3 Compressional sedimentary basins. 10.4
Continent-continent collision. 10.5 Arc-continent collision. 10.6 Terrane
accretion and continental growth. 11. Precambrian tectonics and the
supercontinent cycle. 11.1 Introduction. 11.2 Precambrian heat flow. 11.3
Archean tectonics. 11.4 Proterozoic tectonics. 11.5 The supercontinent
cycle. 12. The mechanism of plate tectonics. 12.1 Introduction. 12.2
Contracting Earth hypothesis. 12.3 Expanding Earth hypothesis. 12.4
Implications of heat flow. 12.5 Convection in the mantle. 12.6 The forces
acting on plates. 12.7 Driving mechanism of plate tectonics. 12.8 Evidence
for convection in the mantle. 12.9 The nature of convection in the mantle.
12.10 Plumes. 12.11 The mechanism of the supercontinent cycle. 13.
Implications of plate tectonics. 13.1 Environmental change. 13.2 Economic
geology. 13.3 Natural hazards. Review questions. Appendix: The geological
timescale and stratigraphic column. References. Index