Jack J. Phillips, Patricia Pulliam Phillips, Al Pulliam
Measuring Roi in Environment, Health, and Safety
Jack J. Phillips, Patricia Pulliam Phillips, Al Pulliam
Measuring Roi in Environment, Health, and Safety
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Within an organization, the responsibilities for environment, health, and safety are often under the direction of the same executive team in an organization. This new book shows how to measure the success of all types of programs and projects involving environment initiatives, health related programs for employees and citizens, and various safety programs in all types of settings. It also explains how to report results by using a step-by-step approach.
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Within an organization, the responsibilities for environment, health, and safety are often under the direction of the same executive team in an organization. This new book shows how to measure the success of all types of programs and projects involving environment initiatives, health related programs for employees and citizens, and various safety programs in all types of settings. It also explains how to report results by using a step-by-step approach.
Produktdetails
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- 1. Auflage
- Seitenzahl: 488
- Erscheinungstermin: 28. Januar 2014
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 240mm x 161mm x 31mm
- Gewicht: 894g
- ISBN-13: 9781118639788
- ISBN-10: 1118639782
- Artikelnr.: 36939059
- Verlag: Wiley & Sons
- 1. Auflage
- Seitenzahl: 488
- Erscheinungstermin: 28. Januar 2014
- Englisch
- Abmessung: 240mm x 161mm x 31mm
- Gewicht: 894g
- ISBN-13: 9781118639788
- ISBN-10: 1118639782
- Artikelnr.: 36939059
Dr. Jack J. Phillips, PhD, is Chairman of the ROI Institute and a world-renowned expert on measurement and evaluation. Phillips provides consulting services for Fortune 500 companies and workshops for major conference providers worldwide. Phillips is also the author or editor of more than 30 books and more than 100 articles. His work has been featured in the Wall Street Journal, Bloomberg Businessweek, Fortune, and on CNN. Dr. Patricia Pulliam Phillips, PhD, is an internationally recognized author, consultant, and President and CEO of the ROI Institute. Phillips provides consulting services to organizations worldwide. She helps organizations build capacity when using the ROI Methodology by facilitating the ROI certification process and teaching the ROI Methodology in workshops and graduate-level courses. Al Pulliam, MSPH, is a veteran environment, occupational health and safety professional with over 20 years experience, which includes EHS management in heavy manufacturing, industrial construction, commercial construction, and consulting. He is currently on an extended contract assignment in the aerospace industry. He holds a master of science in public health from the Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine.
Preface xxi List of Authors xxxi 1 Environment, Health and Safety is
Everywhere 1 1.1 The New Role of EHS 2 1.2 Environmental Initiatives 2 1.3
Safety Initiatives 6 1.4 Health and Fitness 13 1.5 Managing Change in EHS
17 1.6 Final Thoughts 19 2 Is It Worth It? 21 2.1 EHS Killers 22 2.2 Value
Redefi ned 28 2.3 Why Now? 31 2.4 EHS Chain of Impact 35 2.5 Shortcomings
of Current Measurement and Evaluation Systems 38 2.6 EHS Leadership: A
Requirement for Success 43 2.7 Challenges Along the Way 44 2.8 Final
Thoughts 47 3 Investing in Environment, Safety and Health Initiatives 49
3.1 Overview 49 3.2 Strategy 1: Avoid the Investment 50 3.3 Strategy 2:
Invest the Minimum 55 3.4 Strategy 3: Invest with the Rest 58 3.5 Strategy
4: Invest Until It Hurts 62 3.6 Strategy 5: Invest as Long as there is
Payoff 66 3.7 Final Thoughts 70 4 The ROI Methodology: A Tool to Measure
and Improve 73 4.1 A Brief Overview 74 4.2 Results Framework 74 4.3 Results
Framework and Business Alignment 79 4.4 Benefi ts of Developing the Chain
of Impact 82 4.5 The ROI Process Model 83 4.6 Operating Standards and
Philosophy 96 4.7 Case Application and Practice 96 4.8 Implementation 97
4.9 Benefi ts of Applying the ROI Methodology 98 4.10 Final Thoughts 101 5
Project Positioning 103 5.1 Creating Business Alignment 104 5.2 Determining
Payoff Needs 107 5.3 Determining Business Needs 111 5.4 Determining
Performance Needs 118 5.5 Determining Learning Needs 120 5.6 Determining
Preference Needs 121 5.7 Developing Objectives for EHS Projects and
Programs 122 5.8 Case Study Examples 126 5.9 Final Thoughts 134 6 Measuring
Reaction and Learning 135 6.1 Why Measure Reaction? 135 6.2 Sources of Data
for Measuring Reaction 138 6.3 Areas of Feedback 139 6.4 Data Collection
Timing for Measuring Reaction 140 6.5 Data Collection Methods for Measuring
Reaction 141 6.6 Use of Reaction Data 142 6.7 Why Measure Learning? 143 6.8
Challenges and Benefi ts of Measuring Learning 144 6.9 Learning Measurement
Issues 146 6.10 Data Collection Methods for Measuring Learning 147 6.11 Use
of Learning Data 149 6.12 Final Thoughts 150 7 Measuring Application,
Implementation and Impact 151 7.1 Why Measure Application and
Implementation? 152 7.2 Application Measurement Issues 153 7.3 Data
Collection Methods for Measuring Application 157 7.4 Barriers to
Application 159 7.5 Use of Application Data 160 7.6 Why Measure Impact? 160
7.7 Impact Measurement Issues 161 7.8 Data Collection Methods for Measuring
Impact 165 7.9 Considerations for Selecting Data Collection Methods 169
7.10 Measuring the Hard to Measure 172 7.11 Final Thoughts 173 8 Isolating
the Impact of EHS Projects 175 8.1 Why the Concern About Isolating Project
Impact? 176 8.2 Preliminary Issues 179 8.3 Methods to Isolate the Impact of
Projects 181 8.4 Considerations When Selecting Isolation Methods 198 8.5
Final Thoughts 199 9 Converting Impact Data to Money 201 9.1 Why the
Concern About Converting Data to Monetary Values? 202 9.2 Five Steps to
Convert Data to Money 204 9.3 The Five Steps to Convert Data in Practice
206 9.4 Methods to Convert Impact Measures to Money 207 9.5 Considerations
When Selecting Data Conversion Methods 215 9.6 Intangible Benefi ts of EHS
Projects 219 9.7 Final Thoughts 226 10 Calculating the ROI 227 10.1 Why the
Concern About Project Costs? 228 10.2 Fundamental Cost Issues 229 10.3
Fully Loaded Cost Profi le 233 10.4 Cost Classifi cations 235 10.5 The ROI
Calculation 236 10.6 ROI Misuse 238 10.7 ROI Targets 240 10.8 Intangibles
Revisited 241 10.9 Other ROI Measures 241 10.10 Final Thoughts 243 11
Reporting Results 245 11.1 Why the Concern About Communicating Results? 246
11.2 Principles of Communicating Results 247 11.3 The Process for
Communicating Results 250 11.4 The EHS Scorecard 261 11.5 Final Thoughts
268 12 Implementing and Sustaining ROI 271 12.1 The Concern About
Implementing and Sustaining ROI 272 12.2 Implementing the Process:
Overcoming Resistance 273 12.3 Assessing the Climate 274 12.4 Developing
Roles and Responsibilities 274 12.5 Establishing Goals and Plans 278 12.6
Revising or Developing Policies and Guidelines 279 12.7 Preparing the
Project Team 280 12.8 Initiating ROI Projects 282 12.9 Preparing Sponsors
and Management Team 283 12.10 Removing Obstacles 284 12.11 Monitoring
Progress 286 12.12 Final Thoughts 287 13 Measuring ROI in Safety Management
for Project Leaders 291 13.1 Background 291 13.2 Why Evaluate this Program?
294 13.3 The ROI Process 295 13.4 Planning for Evaluation 297 13.5 Data
Collection Plan 297 13.6 ROI Analysis Plan 297 13.7 Action Planning: A Key
to ROI Analysis 300 13.8 ROI Forecast with Reaction Data 303 13.9 Improving
Response Rates 305 13.10 Results 306 13.11 Communication Strategy 316 13.12
Lessons Learned 316 13.13 Discussion Questions 317 14 Measuring ROI in a
Modular/Reusable Safety Railing System 319 14.1 Background 320 14.2 Problem
Defi nition 321 14.3 Project Background 322 14.4 Business Alignment 323
14.5 Evaluation Methodology 323 14.6 Evaluation Results 328 14.7
Communication Strategy 336 14.8 Lessons Learned 336 14.9 Questions For
Discussion 337 15 Measuring ROI in an Ergonomics-Based Risk Management
Intervention 339 15.1 Background 339 15.2 Evaluation Methodology 343 15.3
Evaluation Results 350 15.4 Communication Strategy 356 15.5 Lessons Learned
356 16 Measuring ROI in Stress Management 361 16.1 Background 361 16.2 Why
ROI? 365 16.3 Program Results 373 16.4 Communication Strategies 384 16.5
Policy and Practice Implications 385 16.6 Questions for Discussion 385 17
Measuring ROI in a Safety Incentive Program 387 17.1 Background 387 17.2
The Solution 389 17.3 Data Collection and Analysis 391 17.4 Data
Interpretation and Conclusion 393 17.5 Calculating the Return on Investment
394 17.6 Communication of Results 395 17.7 Questions for Discussion 396 18
Measuring ROI in a Job Safety Training Program at a Major Food Retailer 397
18.1 Background 398 18.2 Evaluation Methodology 400 18.3 Calculating ROI
406 18.4 Barriers and Enablers 408 18.5 Communication Plan 409 18.6
Conclusion 411 18.7 About the Author 411 19 Measuring ROI in a Work-at-Home
Program 413 19.1 FMI: PART A 414 19.2 FMI: PART B 421 19.3 FMI: PART C 424
19.4 FMI: PART D 427 19.5 FMI: PART E 428 19.6 FMI: PART F 432 19.7
Questions for Discussion 440 19.8 FMI: PART G 440 19.9 Questions for
Discussion 442 Index 443
Everywhere 1 1.1 The New Role of EHS 2 1.2 Environmental Initiatives 2 1.3
Safety Initiatives 6 1.4 Health and Fitness 13 1.5 Managing Change in EHS
17 1.6 Final Thoughts 19 2 Is It Worth It? 21 2.1 EHS Killers 22 2.2 Value
Redefi ned 28 2.3 Why Now? 31 2.4 EHS Chain of Impact 35 2.5 Shortcomings
of Current Measurement and Evaluation Systems 38 2.6 EHS Leadership: A
Requirement for Success 43 2.7 Challenges Along the Way 44 2.8 Final
Thoughts 47 3 Investing in Environment, Safety and Health Initiatives 49
3.1 Overview 49 3.2 Strategy 1: Avoid the Investment 50 3.3 Strategy 2:
Invest the Minimum 55 3.4 Strategy 3: Invest with the Rest 58 3.5 Strategy
4: Invest Until It Hurts 62 3.6 Strategy 5: Invest as Long as there is
Payoff 66 3.7 Final Thoughts 70 4 The ROI Methodology: A Tool to Measure
and Improve 73 4.1 A Brief Overview 74 4.2 Results Framework 74 4.3 Results
Framework and Business Alignment 79 4.4 Benefi ts of Developing the Chain
of Impact 82 4.5 The ROI Process Model 83 4.6 Operating Standards and
Philosophy 96 4.7 Case Application and Practice 96 4.8 Implementation 97
4.9 Benefi ts of Applying the ROI Methodology 98 4.10 Final Thoughts 101 5
Project Positioning 103 5.1 Creating Business Alignment 104 5.2 Determining
Payoff Needs 107 5.3 Determining Business Needs 111 5.4 Determining
Performance Needs 118 5.5 Determining Learning Needs 120 5.6 Determining
Preference Needs 121 5.7 Developing Objectives for EHS Projects and
Programs 122 5.8 Case Study Examples 126 5.9 Final Thoughts 134 6 Measuring
Reaction and Learning 135 6.1 Why Measure Reaction? 135 6.2 Sources of Data
for Measuring Reaction 138 6.3 Areas of Feedback 139 6.4 Data Collection
Timing for Measuring Reaction 140 6.5 Data Collection Methods for Measuring
Reaction 141 6.6 Use of Reaction Data 142 6.7 Why Measure Learning? 143 6.8
Challenges and Benefi ts of Measuring Learning 144 6.9 Learning Measurement
Issues 146 6.10 Data Collection Methods for Measuring Learning 147 6.11 Use
of Learning Data 149 6.12 Final Thoughts 150 7 Measuring Application,
Implementation and Impact 151 7.1 Why Measure Application and
Implementation? 152 7.2 Application Measurement Issues 153 7.3 Data
Collection Methods for Measuring Application 157 7.4 Barriers to
Application 159 7.5 Use of Application Data 160 7.6 Why Measure Impact? 160
7.7 Impact Measurement Issues 161 7.8 Data Collection Methods for Measuring
Impact 165 7.9 Considerations for Selecting Data Collection Methods 169
7.10 Measuring the Hard to Measure 172 7.11 Final Thoughts 173 8 Isolating
the Impact of EHS Projects 175 8.1 Why the Concern About Isolating Project
Impact? 176 8.2 Preliminary Issues 179 8.3 Methods to Isolate the Impact of
Projects 181 8.4 Considerations When Selecting Isolation Methods 198 8.5
Final Thoughts 199 9 Converting Impact Data to Money 201 9.1 Why the
Concern About Converting Data to Monetary Values? 202 9.2 Five Steps to
Convert Data to Money 204 9.3 The Five Steps to Convert Data in Practice
206 9.4 Methods to Convert Impact Measures to Money 207 9.5 Considerations
When Selecting Data Conversion Methods 215 9.6 Intangible Benefi ts of EHS
Projects 219 9.7 Final Thoughts 226 10 Calculating the ROI 227 10.1 Why the
Concern About Project Costs? 228 10.2 Fundamental Cost Issues 229 10.3
Fully Loaded Cost Profi le 233 10.4 Cost Classifi cations 235 10.5 The ROI
Calculation 236 10.6 ROI Misuse 238 10.7 ROI Targets 240 10.8 Intangibles
Revisited 241 10.9 Other ROI Measures 241 10.10 Final Thoughts 243 11
Reporting Results 245 11.1 Why the Concern About Communicating Results? 246
11.2 Principles of Communicating Results 247 11.3 The Process for
Communicating Results 250 11.4 The EHS Scorecard 261 11.5 Final Thoughts
268 12 Implementing and Sustaining ROI 271 12.1 The Concern About
Implementing and Sustaining ROI 272 12.2 Implementing the Process:
Overcoming Resistance 273 12.3 Assessing the Climate 274 12.4 Developing
Roles and Responsibilities 274 12.5 Establishing Goals and Plans 278 12.6
Revising or Developing Policies and Guidelines 279 12.7 Preparing the
Project Team 280 12.8 Initiating ROI Projects 282 12.9 Preparing Sponsors
and Management Team 283 12.10 Removing Obstacles 284 12.11 Monitoring
Progress 286 12.12 Final Thoughts 287 13 Measuring ROI in Safety Management
for Project Leaders 291 13.1 Background 291 13.2 Why Evaluate this Program?
294 13.3 The ROI Process 295 13.4 Planning for Evaluation 297 13.5 Data
Collection Plan 297 13.6 ROI Analysis Plan 297 13.7 Action Planning: A Key
to ROI Analysis 300 13.8 ROI Forecast with Reaction Data 303 13.9 Improving
Response Rates 305 13.10 Results 306 13.11 Communication Strategy 316 13.12
Lessons Learned 316 13.13 Discussion Questions 317 14 Measuring ROI in a
Modular/Reusable Safety Railing System 319 14.1 Background 320 14.2 Problem
Defi nition 321 14.3 Project Background 322 14.4 Business Alignment 323
14.5 Evaluation Methodology 323 14.6 Evaluation Results 328 14.7
Communication Strategy 336 14.8 Lessons Learned 336 14.9 Questions For
Discussion 337 15 Measuring ROI in an Ergonomics-Based Risk Management
Intervention 339 15.1 Background 339 15.2 Evaluation Methodology 343 15.3
Evaluation Results 350 15.4 Communication Strategy 356 15.5 Lessons Learned
356 16 Measuring ROI in Stress Management 361 16.1 Background 361 16.2 Why
ROI? 365 16.3 Program Results 373 16.4 Communication Strategies 384 16.5
Policy and Practice Implications 385 16.6 Questions for Discussion 385 17
Measuring ROI in a Safety Incentive Program 387 17.1 Background 387 17.2
The Solution 389 17.3 Data Collection and Analysis 391 17.4 Data
Interpretation and Conclusion 393 17.5 Calculating the Return on Investment
394 17.6 Communication of Results 395 17.7 Questions for Discussion 396 18
Measuring ROI in a Job Safety Training Program at a Major Food Retailer 397
18.1 Background 398 18.2 Evaluation Methodology 400 18.3 Calculating ROI
406 18.4 Barriers and Enablers 408 18.5 Communication Plan 409 18.6
Conclusion 411 18.7 About the Author 411 19 Measuring ROI in a Work-at-Home
Program 413 19.1 FMI: PART A 414 19.2 FMI: PART B 421 19.3 FMI: PART C 424
19.4 FMI: PART D 427 19.5 FMI: PART E 428 19.6 FMI: PART F 432 19.7
Questions for Discussion 440 19.8 FMI: PART G 440 19.9 Questions for
Discussion 442 Index 443
Preface xxi List of Authors xxxi 1 Environment, Health and Safety is
Everywhere 1 1.1 The New Role of EHS 2 1.2 Environmental Initiatives 2 1.3
Safety Initiatives 6 1.4 Health and Fitness 13 1.5 Managing Change in EHS
17 1.6 Final Thoughts 19 2 Is It Worth It? 21 2.1 EHS Killers 22 2.2 Value
Redefi ned 28 2.3 Why Now? 31 2.4 EHS Chain of Impact 35 2.5 Shortcomings
of Current Measurement and Evaluation Systems 38 2.6 EHS Leadership: A
Requirement for Success 43 2.7 Challenges Along the Way 44 2.8 Final
Thoughts 47 3 Investing in Environment, Safety and Health Initiatives 49
3.1 Overview 49 3.2 Strategy 1: Avoid the Investment 50 3.3 Strategy 2:
Invest the Minimum 55 3.4 Strategy 3: Invest with the Rest 58 3.5 Strategy
4: Invest Until It Hurts 62 3.6 Strategy 5: Invest as Long as there is
Payoff 66 3.7 Final Thoughts 70 4 The ROI Methodology: A Tool to Measure
and Improve 73 4.1 A Brief Overview 74 4.2 Results Framework 74 4.3 Results
Framework and Business Alignment 79 4.4 Benefi ts of Developing the Chain
of Impact 82 4.5 The ROI Process Model 83 4.6 Operating Standards and
Philosophy 96 4.7 Case Application and Practice 96 4.8 Implementation 97
4.9 Benefi ts of Applying the ROI Methodology 98 4.10 Final Thoughts 101 5
Project Positioning 103 5.1 Creating Business Alignment 104 5.2 Determining
Payoff Needs 107 5.3 Determining Business Needs 111 5.4 Determining
Performance Needs 118 5.5 Determining Learning Needs 120 5.6 Determining
Preference Needs 121 5.7 Developing Objectives for EHS Projects and
Programs 122 5.8 Case Study Examples 126 5.9 Final Thoughts 134 6 Measuring
Reaction and Learning 135 6.1 Why Measure Reaction? 135 6.2 Sources of Data
for Measuring Reaction 138 6.3 Areas of Feedback 139 6.4 Data Collection
Timing for Measuring Reaction 140 6.5 Data Collection Methods for Measuring
Reaction 141 6.6 Use of Reaction Data 142 6.7 Why Measure Learning? 143 6.8
Challenges and Benefi ts of Measuring Learning 144 6.9 Learning Measurement
Issues 146 6.10 Data Collection Methods for Measuring Learning 147 6.11 Use
of Learning Data 149 6.12 Final Thoughts 150 7 Measuring Application,
Implementation and Impact 151 7.1 Why Measure Application and
Implementation? 152 7.2 Application Measurement Issues 153 7.3 Data
Collection Methods for Measuring Application 157 7.4 Barriers to
Application 159 7.5 Use of Application Data 160 7.6 Why Measure Impact? 160
7.7 Impact Measurement Issues 161 7.8 Data Collection Methods for Measuring
Impact 165 7.9 Considerations for Selecting Data Collection Methods 169
7.10 Measuring the Hard to Measure 172 7.11 Final Thoughts 173 8 Isolating
the Impact of EHS Projects 175 8.1 Why the Concern About Isolating Project
Impact? 176 8.2 Preliminary Issues 179 8.3 Methods to Isolate the Impact of
Projects 181 8.4 Considerations When Selecting Isolation Methods 198 8.5
Final Thoughts 199 9 Converting Impact Data to Money 201 9.1 Why the
Concern About Converting Data to Monetary Values? 202 9.2 Five Steps to
Convert Data to Money 204 9.3 The Five Steps to Convert Data in Practice
206 9.4 Methods to Convert Impact Measures to Money 207 9.5 Considerations
When Selecting Data Conversion Methods 215 9.6 Intangible Benefi ts of EHS
Projects 219 9.7 Final Thoughts 226 10 Calculating the ROI 227 10.1 Why the
Concern About Project Costs? 228 10.2 Fundamental Cost Issues 229 10.3
Fully Loaded Cost Profi le 233 10.4 Cost Classifi cations 235 10.5 The ROI
Calculation 236 10.6 ROI Misuse 238 10.7 ROI Targets 240 10.8 Intangibles
Revisited 241 10.9 Other ROI Measures 241 10.10 Final Thoughts 243 11
Reporting Results 245 11.1 Why the Concern About Communicating Results? 246
11.2 Principles of Communicating Results 247 11.3 The Process for
Communicating Results 250 11.4 The EHS Scorecard 261 11.5 Final Thoughts
268 12 Implementing and Sustaining ROI 271 12.1 The Concern About
Implementing and Sustaining ROI 272 12.2 Implementing the Process:
Overcoming Resistance 273 12.3 Assessing the Climate 274 12.4 Developing
Roles and Responsibilities 274 12.5 Establishing Goals and Plans 278 12.6
Revising or Developing Policies and Guidelines 279 12.7 Preparing the
Project Team 280 12.8 Initiating ROI Projects 282 12.9 Preparing Sponsors
and Management Team 283 12.10 Removing Obstacles 284 12.11 Monitoring
Progress 286 12.12 Final Thoughts 287 13 Measuring ROI in Safety Management
for Project Leaders 291 13.1 Background 291 13.2 Why Evaluate this Program?
294 13.3 The ROI Process 295 13.4 Planning for Evaluation 297 13.5 Data
Collection Plan 297 13.6 ROI Analysis Plan 297 13.7 Action Planning: A Key
to ROI Analysis 300 13.8 ROI Forecast with Reaction Data 303 13.9 Improving
Response Rates 305 13.10 Results 306 13.11 Communication Strategy 316 13.12
Lessons Learned 316 13.13 Discussion Questions 317 14 Measuring ROI in a
Modular/Reusable Safety Railing System 319 14.1 Background 320 14.2 Problem
Defi nition 321 14.3 Project Background 322 14.4 Business Alignment 323
14.5 Evaluation Methodology 323 14.6 Evaluation Results 328 14.7
Communication Strategy 336 14.8 Lessons Learned 336 14.9 Questions For
Discussion 337 15 Measuring ROI in an Ergonomics-Based Risk Management
Intervention 339 15.1 Background 339 15.2 Evaluation Methodology 343 15.3
Evaluation Results 350 15.4 Communication Strategy 356 15.5 Lessons Learned
356 16 Measuring ROI in Stress Management 361 16.1 Background 361 16.2 Why
ROI? 365 16.3 Program Results 373 16.4 Communication Strategies 384 16.5
Policy and Practice Implications 385 16.6 Questions for Discussion 385 17
Measuring ROI in a Safety Incentive Program 387 17.1 Background 387 17.2
The Solution 389 17.3 Data Collection and Analysis 391 17.4 Data
Interpretation and Conclusion 393 17.5 Calculating the Return on Investment
394 17.6 Communication of Results 395 17.7 Questions for Discussion 396 18
Measuring ROI in a Job Safety Training Program at a Major Food Retailer 397
18.1 Background 398 18.2 Evaluation Methodology 400 18.3 Calculating ROI
406 18.4 Barriers and Enablers 408 18.5 Communication Plan 409 18.6
Conclusion 411 18.7 About the Author 411 19 Measuring ROI in a Work-at-Home
Program 413 19.1 FMI: PART A 414 19.2 FMI: PART B 421 19.3 FMI: PART C 424
19.4 FMI: PART D 427 19.5 FMI: PART E 428 19.6 FMI: PART F 432 19.7
Questions for Discussion 440 19.8 FMI: PART G 440 19.9 Questions for
Discussion 442 Index 443
Everywhere 1 1.1 The New Role of EHS 2 1.2 Environmental Initiatives 2 1.3
Safety Initiatives 6 1.4 Health and Fitness 13 1.5 Managing Change in EHS
17 1.6 Final Thoughts 19 2 Is It Worth It? 21 2.1 EHS Killers 22 2.2 Value
Redefi ned 28 2.3 Why Now? 31 2.4 EHS Chain of Impact 35 2.5 Shortcomings
of Current Measurement and Evaluation Systems 38 2.6 EHS Leadership: A
Requirement for Success 43 2.7 Challenges Along the Way 44 2.8 Final
Thoughts 47 3 Investing in Environment, Safety and Health Initiatives 49
3.1 Overview 49 3.2 Strategy 1: Avoid the Investment 50 3.3 Strategy 2:
Invest the Minimum 55 3.4 Strategy 3: Invest with the Rest 58 3.5 Strategy
4: Invest Until It Hurts 62 3.6 Strategy 5: Invest as Long as there is
Payoff 66 3.7 Final Thoughts 70 4 The ROI Methodology: A Tool to Measure
and Improve 73 4.1 A Brief Overview 74 4.2 Results Framework 74 4.3 Results
Framework and Business Alignment 79 4.4 Benefi ts of Developing the Chain
of Impact 82 4.5 The ROI Process Model 83 4.6 Operating Standards and
Philosophy 96 4.7 Case Application and Practice 96 4.8 Implementation 97
4.9 Benefi ts of Applying the ROI Methodology 98 4.10 Final Thoughts 101 5
Project Positioning 103 5.1 Creating Business Alignment 104 5.2 Determining
Payoff Needs 107 5.3 Determining Business Needs 111 5.4 Determining
Performance Needs 118 5.5 Determining Learning Needs 120 5.6 Determining
Preference Needs 121 5.7 Developing Objectives for EHS Projects and
Programs 122 5.8 Case Study Examples 126 5.9 Final Thoughts 134 6 Measuring
Reaction and Learning 135 6.1 Why Measure Reaction? 135 6.2 Sources of Data
for Measuring Reaction 138 6.3 Areas of Feedback 139 6.4 Data Collection
Timing for Measuring Reaction 140 6.5 Data Collection Methods for Measuring
Reaction 141 6.6 Use of Reaction Data 142 6.7 Why Measure Learning? 143 6.8
Challenges and Benefi ts of Measuring Learning 144 6.9 Learning Measurement
Issues 146 6.10 Data Collection Methods for Measuring Learning 147 6.11 Use
of Learning Data 149 6.12 Final Thoughts 150 7 Measuring Application,
Implementation and Impact 151 7.1 Why Measure Application and
Implementation? 152 7.2 Application Measurement Issues 153 7.3 Data
Collection Methods for Measuring Application 157 7.4 Barriers to
Application 159 7.5 Use of Application Data 160 7.6 Why Measure Impact? 160
7.7 Impact Measurement Issues 161 7.8 Data Collection Methods for Measuring
Impact 165 7.9 Considerations for Selecting Data Collection Methods 169
7.10 Measuring the Hard to Measure 172 7.11 Final Thoughts 173 8 Isolating
the Impact of EHS Projects 175 8.1 Why the Concern About Isolating Project
Impact? 176 8.2 Preliminary Issues 179 8.3 Methods to Isolate the Impact of
Projects 181 8.4 Considerations When Selecting Isolation Methods 198 8.5
Final Thoughts 199 9 Converting Impact Data to Money 201 9.1 Why the
Concern About Converting Data to Monetary Values? 202 9.2 Five Steps to
Convert Data to Money 204 9.3 The Five Steps to Convert Data in Practice
206 9.4 Methods to Convert Impact Measures to Money 207 9.5 Considerations
When Selecting Data Conversion Methods 215 9.6 Intangible Benefi ts of EHS
Projects 219 9.7 Final Thoughts 226 10 Calculating the ROI 227 10.1 Why the
Concern About Project Costs? 228 10.2 Fundamental Cost Issues 229 10.3
Fully Loaded Cost Profi le 233 10.4 Cost Classifi cations 235 10.5 The ROI
Calculation 236 10.6 ROI Misuse 238 10.7 ROI Targets 240 10.8 Intangibles
Revisited 241 10.9 Other ROI Measures 241 10.10 Final Thoughts 243 11
Reporting Results 245 11.1 Why the Concern About Communicating Results? 246
11.2 Principles of Communicating Results 247 11.3 The Process for
Communicating Results 250 11.4 The EHS Scorecard 261 11.5 Final Thoughts
268 12 Implementing and Sustaining ROI 271 12.1 The Concern About
Implementing and Sustaining ROI 272 12.2 Implementing the Process:
Overcoming Resistance 273 12.3 Assessing the Climate 274 12.4 Developing
Roles and Responsibilities 274 12.5 Establishing Goals and Plans 278 12.6
Revising or Developing Policies and Guidelines 279 12.7 Preparing the
Project Team 280 12.8 Initiating ROI Projects 282 12.9 Preparing Sponsors
and Management Team 283 12.10 Removing Obstacles 284 12.11 Monitoring
Progress 286 12.12 Final Thoughts 287 13 Measuring ROI in Safety Management
for Project Leaders 291 13.1 Background 291 13.2 Why Evaluate this Program?
294 13.3 The ROI Process 295 13.4 Planning for Evaluation 297 13.5 Data
Collection Plan 297 13.6 ROI Analysis Plan 297 13.7 Action Planning: A Key
to ROI Analysis 300 13.8 ROI Forecast with Reaction Data 303 13.9 Improving
Response Rates 305 13.10 Results 306 13.11 Communication Strategy 316 13.12
Lessons Learned 316 13.13 Discussion Questions 317 14 Measuring ROI in a
Modular/Reusable Safety Railing System 319 14.1 Background 320 14.2 Problem
Defi nition 321 14.3 Project Background 322 14.4 Business Alignment 323
14.5 Evaluation Methodology 323 14.6 Evaluation Results 328 14.7
Communication Strategy 336 14.8 Lessons Learned 336 14.9 Questions For
Discussion 337 15 Measuring ROI in an Ergonomics-Based Risk Management
Intervention 339 15.1 Background 339 15.2 Evaluation Methodology 343 15.3
Evaluation Results 350 15.4 Communication Strategy 356 15.5 Lessons Learned
356 16 Measuring ROI in Stress Management 361 16.1 Background 361 16.2 Why
ROI? 365 16.3 Program Results 373 16.4 Communication Strategies 384 16.5
Policy and Practice Implications 385 16.6 Questions for Discussion 385 17
Measuring ROI in a Safety Incentive Program 387 17.1 Background 387 17.2
The Solution 389 17.3 Data Collection and Analysis 391 17.4 Data
Interpretation and Conclusion 393 17.5 Calculating the Return on Investment
394 17.6 Communication of Results 395 17.7 Questions for Discussion 396 18
Measuring ROI in a Job Safety Training Program at a Major Food Retailer 397
18.1 Background 398 18.2 Evaluation Methodology 400 18.3 Calculating ROI
406 18.4 Barriers and Enablers 408 18.5 Communication Plan 409 18.6
Conclusion 411 18.7 About the Author 411 19 Measuring ROI in a Work-at-Home
Program 413 19.1 FMI: PART A 414 19.2 FMI: PART B 421 19.3 FMI: PART C 424
19.4 FMI: PART D 427 19.5 FMI: PART E 428 19.6 FMI: PART F 432 19.7
Questions for Discussion 440 19.8 FMI: PART G 440 19.9 Questions for
Discussion 442 Index 443