European Emigration to the Americas: 1492 to Independence - Hinderaker, Eric; Horn, Rebecca
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European colonization of the Americas was shaped by three mass demographic transformations: the catastrophic decline of Native American populations, the forced migration of enslaved Africans, and the mass relocation of European populations to American settings. This essay focuses on the third of these developments. While European emigration to the Americas can be seen as a single, widely differentiated but coherent whole, most scholarship treats it in fragments. We offer a hemispheric perspective on the process of European emigration, considering all of the Americas from 1492 until circa 1800,…mehr

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Produktbeschreibung
European colonization of the Americas was shaped by three mass demographic transformations: the catastrophic decline of Native American populations, the forced migration of enslaved Africans, and the mass relocation of European populations to American settings. This essay focuses on the third of these developments. While European emigration to the Americas can be seen as a single, widely differentiated but coherent whole, most scholarship treats it in fragments. We offer a hemispheric perspective on the process of European emigration, considering all of the Americas from 1492 until circa 1800, when most of the hemisphere was becoming independent of direct European rule. We argue that this migration unfolded in three long eras. The foundations of colonial enterprise were laid in the sixteenth century, especially in the two great population centers of the Americas, where the Aztecs and Incas had already established thriving empires. The seventeenth century saw a dramatic proliferation of colonial sites, widespread experimentation with new labor regimes and patterns of social organization, and an acceleration of transatlantic immigration. By the eighteenth century, the essential characteristics of the various colonies were becoming clear and many regions experienced growth and diversification as emigrants responded to new transatlantic opportunities.
Autorenporträt
Eric Hinderaker, Distinguished Professor of History at the University of Utah, teaches courses on early North America. His scholarship focuses on relations between Europeans and Native Americans, the nature of early modern empires, and comparative colonization. He is the author of Elusive Empires: Constructing Colonialism in the Ohio Valley, 1673-1800 (Cambridge University Press, 1997); The Two Hendricks: Unraveling a Mohawk Mystery (Harvard University Press, 2010), and Boston's Massacre (Harvard University Press, 2017). Rebecca Horn teaches Latin American history at the University of Utah and served for almost ten years as the Director of the Center for Latin American Studies, a US Department of Education National Resource Center. Her scholarship concerns two fields--Nahua Studies and the comparative history of the early modern Americas. She is the author of Postconquest Coyoacan: Nahua-Spanish Relations in Central Mexico, 1519-1650 (Stanford University Press, 1997), which concerns the history of indigenous Nahuatl-speaking peoples of central Mexico based on Spanish- and Nahuatl-language sources; and co-author of Resilient Cultures: America's Native Peoples Confront European Colonization, 1500-1800 (Pearson, 2013), 2nd ed. Hinderaker and Horn are currently completing a book manuscript on the history of Spanish, Portuguese, British, and French America and the huge expanse of the Western Hemisphere that remained autonomous of European rule throughout the colonial period.