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An authoritative yet highly accessible guide to the design and operation of the FlexRay bus, the latest protocol for automotive network communications A translation of the French edition, originally published in January 2011, this work is the result of numerous training courses that Dominique Paret has given in companies, and it provides detailed explanations of the design and operation of the FlexRay bus. Comprised of five parts the book covers: the FlexRay concept and its communication protocol; the FlexRay physical layer; synchronization and global time and; architecture of a node,…mehr
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Dieser Download kann aus rechtlichen Gründen nur mit Rechnungsadresse in A, B, BG, CY, CZ, D, DK, EW, E, FIN, F, GR, HR, H, IRL, I, LT, L, LR, M, NL, PL, P, R, S, SLO, SK ausgeliefert werden.
- Produktdetails
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 352
- Erscheinungstermin: 26. Januar 2012
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781119964056
- Artikelnr.: 37350964
- Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
- Seitenzahl: 352
- Erscheinungstermin: 26. Januar 2012
- Englisch
- ISBN-13: 9781119964056
- Artikelnr.: 37350964
APPLICATIONS 1 Reminders about the CAN Protocol 3 1.1 The Limitations of
CAN 3 1.2 'Event-Triggered' and 'Time-Triggered' Aspects 4 2 The TTCAN
Protocol 7 2.1 TTCAN - ISO 11898-4 7 2.2 Session Layer 8 2.3 Principle of
Operation of TTCAN 8 3 Emergence of 'X-by-Wire' Systems 11 3.1 High
Throughput and X-by-Wire 11 3.2 Redundancy 11 3.3 High-Level Application
Requirements 13 3.4 High-Level Functional Requirements 14 Part B THE
FLEXRAY CONCEPT AND ITS COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL 4 The Genesis of FlexRay 19
4.1 The TTP/C Protocol 19 4.2 FlexRay 20 4.3 The FlexRay Consortium 20 4.4
The Aim of FlexRay 23 5 FlexRay and Real Time 29 5.1 Physical Time 29 5.2
Local Time 30 5.3 Global View at Network Level - Global Time 32 5.4
Summarising: Time and its Hierarchies in FlexRay 36 6 The FlexRay Protocol
41 6.1 History 41 6.2 General - Channels, Cycles, Segments and Slots 41 6.3
Channels and Cycles 44 6.4 Segments 47 6.5 Communication Frames 57 6.6 'SW
- Symbol Window' Segment 74 6.7 'NIT - Network Idle Time' Segment 76 7
Access to the Physical Layer 77 7.1 Definition of Tasks 77 7.2 Execution of
the Communication Cycle 80 7.3 Frame ID (11 Bits) 80 7.4 Arbitration Grid
Level 81 7.5 Conditions of Transmission and Access to the Medium during the
Static Segment 83 7.6 Conditions of Transmission and Access to the Medium
during the Dynamic Segment 84 7.7 Similarity of the Use of the Dynamic
Segment to the Network Access of the CAN Protocol 88 7.8 Some Additions in
the Case of FlexRay Being Used with Two Channels 89 Appendices of Part B 91
Appendix B1 Examples of Applications 93 The BMW X5 (Development Code L6) 93
A Little Strategy 93 Global View of the Parameters of the FlexRay System 95
Desired Functional Parameters 96 Description and Justification of the
Implemented Choice 97 Appendix B2 Scheduling Problems - Application of the
FlexRay Protocol to Static and Dynamic Segments 103 Introduction 103
Problems of 'Real Time' Systems 104 FlexRay 108 Scheduling Real Time
Systems 109 Different Approaches to Real Time Scheduling 113 Scheduling in
Single-Processor Systems 116 Algorithms Based on Priorities 116 Scheduling
Communications in Distributed Systems 120 Problem of Task Allocation in a
Distributed System 121 Scheduling Communications 121 Policy of Assigning
Priorities 126 Class of Scheduling Problem 127 Scheduling Algorithm 128
Conclusion 129 Part C THE FLEXRAY PHYSICAL LAYER 8 Creation and
Transmission (Tx) of the FlexRay Signal 135 8.1 Creation of the Signal 135
8.2 Physical Representation of Bits 136 8.3 Line Driver 'Tx' 138 9 Medium,
Topology and Transport of the FlexRay Signal 143 9.1 Medium 143 9.2 Effects
Linked to Propagation 146 9.3 Topologies and Consequences for Network
Performance 147 9.4 Single-Channel, Dual-Channel and Multi-Channel
Communication Topologies 151 9.5 The FlexRay Topologies 153 9.6 Examples of
Topologies 159 10 Reception of the FlexRay Signal 165 10.1 Signal Reception
Stage 165 10.2 Processing of the Received Signal by the Communication
Controller 170 11 The Bit Error Rate (BER) 175 11.1 Integrity of Signal and
BER 175 11.2 Eye Diagram 175 11.3 Relationship between the Integrity of the
Signal, the Eye Diagram and the BER 180 12 Modelling and Simulating the
Performance of a Network 185 12.1 Modelling and Simulating the Performance
of a Network and its Topology 185 12.2 Modelling the Elements of the
Network 185 12.3 Simulation 188 13 Summary on the Physical Layer of FlexRay
193 Part D SYNCHRONISATION AND GLOBAL TIME 14 Communication Cycle,
Macrotick and Microtick 197 14.1 The FlexRay Time Hierarchy 197 14.2
Synchronisation in a Network of TDMA-FlexRay Type 198 14.3 Proposed
Solution to the Problem 202 14.4 Application and Implementation of
Corrective Values 214 14.5 Summary 218 15 Network Wakeup, Network Startup
and Error Management 223 15.1 Network Wakeup Phase 223 15.2 Network Startup
Phase 225 15.3 Error Management 226 16 FlexRay v3.0 231 16.1 Protocol
Enhancements 231 16.2 Physical Layer Enhancements 235 16.3 FlexRay and ISO
239 16.4 FlexRay in Other Industries 240 Part E ARCHITECTURE OF A NODE,
COMPONENTS AND DEVELOPMENT AID TOOLS 17 Architecture of a FlexRay Node 245
17.1 The Major Components of a Node 245 17.2 Architecture of the Processor
and Protocol Manager 245 18 Electronic Components for the FlexRay Network
249 18.1 The Component Range 249 18.1.1 FlexRay Protocol Manager 250 18.2
EMC and EMC Measurements 263 18.3 Protection from ESD 265 18.4 Conformity
Tests 265 18.5 Bus Guardian 267 19 Tools for Development, Integration,
Analysis and Testing 271 19.1 The V-Shaped Development Cycle 271 19.2
DaVinci Network Designer (Point 1 of the V Cycle) 271 19.3 CANoe.FlexRay
273 19.4 FlexRay CANalyzer (Covers Points 2, 4 and 5 of the V Cycle) 276
19.5 Test and Diagnostics (Point 6 of the V Cycle) 277 19.6 Features of the
FlexRay Protocol 278 19.7 Communication Interface 280 20 Implementation of
FlexRay Communication in Automotive Logic Controllers 283 20.1 FlexRay and
AUTOSAR 283 20.2 The AUTOSAR Partnership 284 20.3 Communication in an
AUTOSAR System 284 Appendix of Part E 291 21 Conclusion 297 Appendix 1 The
Official Documents 299 Appendix 2 Principal Parameters of the FlexRay
Protocol 301 Bibliography 311 Index 313
APPLICATIONS 1 Reminders about the CAN Protocol 3 1.1 The Limitations of
CAN 3 1.2 'Event-Triggered' and 'Time-Triggered' Aspects 4 2 The TTCAN
Protocol 7 2.1 TTCAN - ISO 11898-4 7 2.2 Session Layer 8 2.3 Principle of
Operation of TTCAN 8 3 Emergence of 'X-by-Wire' Systems 11 3.1 High
Throughput and X-by-Wire 11 3.2 Redundancy 11 3.3 High-Level Application
Requirements 13 3.4 High-Level Functional Requirements 14 Part B THE
FLEXRAY CONCEPT AND ITS COMMUNICATION PROTOCOL 4 The Genesis of FlexRay 19
4.1 The TTP/C Protocol 19 4.2 FlexRay 20 4.3 The FlexRay Consortium 20 4.4
The Aim of FlexRay 23 5 FlexRay and Real Time 29 5.1 Physical Time 29 5.2
Local Time 30 5.3 Global View at Network Level - Global Time 32 5.4
Summarising: Time and its Hierarchies in FlexRay 36 6 The FlexRay Protocol
41 6.1 History 41 6.2 General - Channels, Cycles, Segments and Slots 41 6.3
Channels and Cycles 44 6.4 Segments 47 6.5 Communication Frames 57 6.6 'SW
- Symbol Window' Segment 74 6.7 'NIT - Network Idle Time' Segment 76 7
Access to the Physical Layer 77 7.1 Definition of Tasks 77 7.2 Execution of
the Communication Cycle 80 7.3 Frame ID (11 Bits) 80 7.4 Arbitration Grid
Level 81 7.5 Conditions of Transmission and Access to the Medium during the
Static Segment 83 7.6 Conditions of Transmission and Access to the Medium
during the Dynamic Segment 84 7.7 Similarity of the Use of the Dynamic
Segment to the Network Access of the CAN Protocol 88 7.8 Some Additions in
the Case of FlexRay Being Used with Two Channels 89 Appendices of Part B 91
Appendix B1 Examples of Applications 93 The BMW X5 (Development Code L6) 93
A Little Strategy 93 Global View of the Parameters of the FlexRay System 95
Desired Functional Parameters 96 Description and Justification of the
Implemented Choice 97 Appendix B2 Scheduling Problems - Application of the
FlexRay Protocol to Static and Dynamic Segments 103 Introduction 103
Problems of 'Real Time' Systems 104 FlexRay 108 Scheduling Real Time
Systems 109 Different Approaches to Real Time Scheduling 113 Scheduling in
Single-Processor Systems 116 Algorithms Based on Priorities 116 Scheduling
Communications in Distributed Systems 120 Problem of Task Allocation in a
Distributed System 121 Scheduling Communications 121 Policy of Assigning
Priorities 126 Class of Scheduling Problem 127 Scheduling Algorithm 128
Conclusion 129 Part C THE FLEXRAY PHYSICAL LAYER 8 Creation and
Transmission (Tx) of the FlexRay Signal 135 8.1 Creation of the Signal 135
8.2 Physical Representation of Bits 136 8.3 Line Driver 'Tx' 138 9 Medium,
Topology and Transport of the FlexRay Signal 143 9.1 Medium 143 9.2 Effects
Linked to Propagation 146 9.3 Topologies and Consequences for Network
Performance 147 9.4 Single-Channel, Dual-Channel and Multi-Channel
Communication Topologies 151 9.5 The FlexRay Topologies 153 9.6 Examples of
Topologies 159 10 Reception of the FlexRay Signal 165 10.1 Signal Reception
Stage 165 10.2 Processing of the Received Signal by the Communication
Controller 170 11 The Bit Error Rate (BER) 175 11.1 Integrity of Signal and
BER 175 11.2 Eye Diagram 175 11.3 Relationship between the Integrity of the
Signal, the Eye Diagram and the BER 180 12 Modelling and Simulating the
Performance of a Network 185 12.1 Modelling and Simulating the Performance
of a Network and its Topology 185 12.2 Modelling the Elements of the
Network 185 12.3 Simulation 188 13 Summary on the Physical Layer of FlexRay
193 Part D SYNCHRONISATION AND GLOBAL TIME 14 Communication Cycle,
Macrotick and Microtick 197 14.1 The FlexRay Time Hierarchy 197 14.2
Synchronisation in a Network of TDMA-FlexRay Type 198 14.3 Proposed
Solution to the Problem 202 14.4 Application and Implementation of
Corrective Values 214 14.5 Summary 218 15 Network Wakeup, Network Startup
and Error Management 223 15.1 Network Wakeup Phase 223 15.2 Network Startup
Phase 225 15.3 Error Management 226 16 FlexRay v3.0 231 16.1 Protocol
Enhancements 231 16.2 Physical Layer Enhancements 235 16.3 FlexRay and ISO
239 16.4 FlexRay in Other Industries 240 Part E ARCHITECTURE OF A NODE,
COMPONENTS AND DEVELOPMENT AID TOOLS 17 Architecture of a FlexRay Node 245
17.1 The Major Components of a Node 245 17.2 Architecture of the Processor
and Protocol Manager 245 18 Electronic Components for the FlexRay Network
249 18.1 The Component Range 249 18.1.1 FlexRay Protocol Manager 250 18.2
EMC and EMC Measurements 263 18.3 Protection from ESD 265 18.4 Conformity
Tests 265 18.5 Bus Guardian 267 19 Tools for Development, Integration,
Analysis and Testing 271 19.1 The V-Shaped Development Cycle 271 19.2
DaVinci Network Designer (Point 1 of the V Cycle) 271 19.3 CANoe.FlexRay
273 19.4 FlexRay CANalyzer (Covers Points 2, 4 and 5 of the V Cycle) 276
19.5 Test and Diagnostics (Point 6 of the V Cycle) 277 19.6 Features of the
FlexRay Protocol 278 19.7 Communication Interface 280 20 Implementation of
FlexRay Communication in Automotive Logic Controllers 283 20.1 FlexRay and
AUTOSAR 283 20.2 The AUTOSAR Partnership 284 20.3 Communication in an
AUTOSAR System 284 Appendix of Part E 291 21 Conclusion 297 Appendix 1 The
Official Documents 299 Appendix 2 Principal Parameters of the FlexRay
Protocol 301 Bibliography 311 Index 313