Plamen Angelov

Autonomous Learning Systems (eBook, ePUB)

From Data Streams to Knowledge in Real-time

• Format: ePub

Produktbeschreibung

Autonomous Learning Systems is the result of over a decade of focused research and studies in this emerging area which spans a number of well-known and well-established disciplines that include machine learning, system identification, data mining, fuzzy logic, neural networks, neuro-fuzzy systems, control theory and pattern recognition. The evolution of these systems has been both industry-driven with an increasing demand from sectors such as defence and security, aerospace and advanced process industries, bio-medicine and intelligent transportation, as well as research-driven - there is a strong trend of innovation of all of the above well-established research disciplines that is linked to their on-line and real-time application; their adaptability and flexibility. Providing an introduction to the key technologies, detailed technical explanations of the methodology, and an illustration of the practical relevance of the approach with a wide range of applications, this book addresses the challenges of autonomous learning systems with a systematic approach that lays the foundations for a fast growing area of research that will underpin a range of technological applications vital to both industry and society. Key features: * Presents the subject systematically from explaining the fundamentals to illustrating the proposed approach with numerous applications. * Covers a wide range of applications in fields including unmanned vehicles/robotics, oil refineries, chemical industry, evolving user behaviour and activity recognition. * Reviews traditional fields including clustering, classification, control, fault detection and anomaly detection, filtering and estimation through the prism of evolving and autonomously learning mechanisms. * Accompanied by a website hosting additional material, including the software toolbox and lecture notes. Autonomous Learning Systems provides a 'one-stop shop' on the subject for academics, students, researchers and practicing engineers. It is also a valuable reference for Government agencies and software developers.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 304
• Erscheinungstermin: 6. November 2012
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781118481912
• Artikelnr.: 37363172

Autorenporträt

Plamen Parvanov Angelov, Lancaster University, UK Plamen Parvanov is a senior lecturer in the School of Computing and Communications at Lancaster University. He is an Associate Editor of three international journals and the founding co-Editor-in-Chief of the Springer journal Evolving Systems. He is also the Vice Chair of the Technical Committee on Standards, Computational Intelligence Society, IEEE and co-Chair of several IEEE conferences. His research in UAV/UAS is often publicised in external publications, e.g. the prestigious Computational Intelligence Magazine; Aviation Week, Flight Global, Airframer, Flight International, etc. His research focuses on computational intelligence and evolving systems, and his research in to autonomous systems has received worldwide recognition. As the Principle Investigator at Lancaster University for a team working on UAV Sense and Avoid fortwo projects of ASTRAEA his work was recognised by 'The Engineer Innovation and Technology 2008 Award in two categories: i) Aerospace and Defence and ii) The Special Award which is an outstanding achievement.

Inhaltsangabe

Forewords xi Preface xix About the Author xxiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1
Autonomous Systems 3 1.2 The Role of Machine Learning in Autonomous Systems
4 1.3 System Identification - an Abstract Model of the Real World 6 1.4
Online versus Offline Identification 9 1.5 Adaptive and Evolving Systems 10
1.6 Evolving or Evolutionary Systems 11 1.7 Supervised versus Unsupervised
Learning 13 1.8 Structure of the Book 14 PART I FUNDAMENTALS 2 Fundamentals
of Probability Theory 19 2.1 Randomness and Determinism 20 2.2
Frequentistic versus Belief-Based Approach 22 2.3 Probability Densities and
Moments 23 2.4 Density Estimation - Kernel-Based Approach 26 2.5 Recursive
Density Estimation (RDE) 28 2.6 Detecting Novelties/Anomalies/Outliers
using RDE 32 2.7 Conclusions 36 3 Fundamentals of Machine Learning and
Pattern Recognition 37 3.1 Preprocessing 37 3.2 Clustering 42 3.3
Classification 56 3.4 Conclusions 58 4 Fundamentals of Fuzzy Systems Theory
61 4.1 Fuzzy Sets 61 4.2 Fuzzy Systems, Fuzzy Rules 64 4.3 Fuzzy Systems
with Nonparametric Antecedents (AnYa) 69 4.4 FRB (Offline) Classifiers 73
4.5 Neurofuzzy Systems 75 4.6 State Space Perspective 79 4.7 Conclusions 81
PART II METHODOLOGY OF AUTONOMOUS LEARNING SYSTEMS 5 Evolving System
Structure from Streaming Data 85 5.1 Defining System Structure Based on
Prior Knowledge 85 5.2 Data Space Partitioning 86 5.3 Normalisation and
Standardisation of Streaming Data in an Evolving Environment 96 5.4
Autonomous Monitoring of the Structure Quality 98 5.5 Short- and Long-Term
Focal Points and Submodels 104 5.6 Simplification and Interpretability
Issues 105 5.7 Conclusions 107 6 Autonomous Learning Parameters of the
Local Submodels 109 6.1 Learning Parameters of Local Submodels 110 6.2
Global versus Local Learning 111 6.3 Evolving Systems Structure Recursively
113 6.4 Learning Modes 116 6.5 Robustness to Outliers in Autonomous
Learning 118 6.6 Conclusions 118 7 Autonomous Predictors, Estimators,
Filters, Inferential Sensors 121 7.1 Predictors, Estimators, Filters -
Problem Formulation 121 7.2 Nonlinear Regression 123 7.3 Time Series 124
7.4 Autonomous Learning Sensors 125 7.5 Conclusions 131 8 Autonomous
Learning Classifiers 133 8.1 Classifying Data Streams 133 8.2 Why Adapt the
Classifier Structure? 134 8.3 Architecture of Autonomous Classifiers of the
Family AutoClassify 135 8.4 Learning AutoClassify from Streaming Data 139
8.5 Analysis of AutoClassify 140 8.6 Conclusions 140 9 Autonomous Learning
Controllers 143 9.1 Indirect Adaptive Control Scheme 144 9.2 Evolving
Inverse Plant Model from Online Streaming Data 145 9.3 Evolving Fuzzy
Controller Structure from Online Streaming Data 147 9.4 Examples of Using
AutoControl 148 9.5 Conclusions 153 10 Collaborative Autonomous Learning
Systems 155 10.1 Distributed Intelligence Scenarios 155 10.2 Autonomous
Collaborative Learning 157 10.3 Collaborative Autonomous Clustering,
AutoCluster by a Team of ALSs 158 10.4 Collaborative Autonomous Predictors,
Estimators, Filters and AutoSense by a Team of ALSs 159 10.5 Collaborative
Autonomous Classifiers AutoClassify by a Team of ALSs 160 10.6
Superposition of Local Submodels 161 10.7 Conclusions 161 PART III
APPLICATIONS OF ALS 11 Autonomous Learning Sensors for Chemical and
Petrochemical Industries 165 11.1 Case Study 1: Quality of the Products in
an Oil Refinery 165 11.2 Case Study 2: Polypropylene Manufacturing 172 11.3
Conclusions 178 12 Autonomous Learning Systems in Mobile Robotics 179 12.1
The Mobile Robot Pioneer 3DX 179 12.2 Autonomous Classifier for Landmark
Recognition 180 12.3 Autonomous Leader Follower 193 12.4 Results Analysis
196 13 Autonomous Novelty Detection and Object Tracking in Video Streams
197 13.1 Problem Definition 197 13.2 Background Subtraction and KDE for
Detecting Visual Novelties 198 13.3 Detecting Visual Novelties with the RDE
Method 203 13.4 Object Identification in Image Frames Using RDE 204 13.5
Real-time Tracking in Video Streams Using ALS 206 13.6 Conclusions 209 14
Modelling Evolving User Behaviour with ALS 211 14.1 User Behaviour as an
Evolving Phenomenon 211 14.2 Designing the User Behaviour Profile 212 14.3
Applying AutoClassify0 for Modelling Evolving User Behaviour 215 14.4 Case
Studies 216 14.5 Conclusions 221 15 Epilogue 223 15.1 Conclusions 223 15.2
Open Problems 227 15.3 Future Directions 227 APPENDICES Appendix A
Mathematical Foundations 231 Appendix B Pseudocode of the Basic Algorithms
235 References 245 Glossary 259 Index 263