Geoffrey P. Webb

Dietary Supplements and Functional Foods (eBook, PDF)

• Format: PDF

Produktbeschreibung

The study of nutritional supplements has become increasingly important within research establishments and universities throughout the world, and as the market for these products continues to grow, so does the need for comprehensive scientifically sound information about the products, their properties and potential health benefits. This second edition of Dietary Supplements & Functional Foods has been fully revised and expanded. The book looks at the accepted uses of dietary supplements and also explores the wider picture, identifying common themes and principles or particular categories of supplements. Much new information across the whole spectrum of this fascinating and expanding field is included, with additional material covering changes in relevant legislation, examples of superfoods, up-to-date information and informed debate concerning vitamin D, folic acid, fish oils and antioxidants Several new sections have been added to this successful and well-received book. This book is now even more user-friendly and ideal for course use, and an invaluable reference for those working in the health sciences, and the supplements industry. Dietitians, nutritionists, food scientists and food technologists will all find much of great use and value within its covers. All universities and research establishments where these subjects are studied and taught should have copies of this excellent new edition on their shelves.

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Produktdetails

• Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
• Seitenzahl: 328
• Erscheinungstermin: 1. Januar 2011
• Englisch
• ISBN-13: 9781444340068
• Artikelnr.: 39042966

Autorenporträt

Dr Geoffrey P Webb is Senior Lecturer in nutrition and physiology at the University of East London, School of Health and Bioscience, UK.

Inhaltsangabe

Preface. 1 An Overview of Dietary Supplements and Functional Foods. The
evolving rationale for supplement use. Adequacy and the prevention of
deficiency diseases. Diet as a means to prevent chronic, age and
wealth-related diseases. Supplements versus dietary change for the
prevention of chronic disease. Dietary supplements and natural remedies as
a safer alternative to modern medicine? Defining dietary supplements. Legal
regulation of dietary supplements(the UK and EU perspective). Medicines.
Non-medicinal supplements. Borderline products. Health claims. Vitamin and
mineral supplements. Regulation in the USA. Supplement quality. The market
for supplements. Reasons for taking supplements. To compensate for a
perceived or potential inadequacy in the diet. To compensate for some
perceived increase in need or defective handling of a nutrient. To treat or
prevent non-deficiency diseases. To improve athletic performance. Do
supplements and functional foods work? Testing their effectiveness and
safety. Measures of outcome. The two main investigative approaches. The
observational approach. The experimental approach. Testing: A summing up. 2
An Overview of Micronutrient Adequacy. Introduction and scope of the
chapter. Judging the adequacy of micronutrient intakes. A note about
American standards. Recommended daily allowances on food labels. Measuring
an individual's micronutrient status using clinical or biochemical
observations. Micronutrient adequacy of the UK population. Young and
middle-aged adults. Children. Pregnant women. Lactating women. The elderly.
Athletes in training. Summing up. 3 The Individual Vitamins. The
fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamin A (retinol). Vitamin D (cholecalciferol).
Vitamin E (±-tocopherol). Vitamin K (phylloquinone). The water-soluble
vitamins. Vitamin B1(thiamin). Vitamin B2(riboflavin). Vitamin B3 (niacin).
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine). Vitamin B12 (cobalamins). Folic acid (folate,
folacin). Biotin. Pantothenic acid. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid). 4 The
Minerals. Calcium. Chromium. Copper. Fluoride. Iodine. Iron. Magnesium.
Manganese. Molybdenum. Potassium. Selenium. Zinc. 5 Free Radicals and
Antioxidants. Introduction. The free radical or oxidant theory of disease.
Mechanisms for limiting free radical damage. Diets with plentiful supplies
of (antioxidant-rich) fruits and vegetables are associated with a reduced
risk of chronic diseases. What evidence is there that antioxidant
supplements are beneficial or at least harmless? Antioxidants and
pre-eclampsia in pregnancy. Vitamin E and dementia. Summing up the case for
antioxidant supplements. 6 Natural Fats and Oils. The nature of fats, oils
and other lipids. Why are we preoccupied with the balance of our dietary
fats? Why are some fatty acids called 'essential'? Essential fatty acids
and eicosanoid production. Fish oil supplements. What are the suggested
benefits of taking fish (liver) oil supplements? Fish oil supplements and
heart disease: Evidence of effectiveness. Evidence relating fish oils to
inflammatory conditions such as arthritis. Fish oils, brain and behaviour.
Evening primrose oil and other sources of GLA. Flaxseed oil. Conjugated
linoleic acid (CLA). ²-sitosterol and the phytosterols. 7 Non-Essential
'Nutrients' that are Used as Dietary Supplements. General rationale.
Glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate. Nature and functions of cartilage.
Supplement forms and origins. Rationale for use and evidence of
effectiveness. s-Adenosyl-methionine (SAMe). Nature and functions.
Rationale for use and evidence of efficacy. Lecithin and choline.
L-carnitine. Nature and synthesis of L-carnitine. Functions of carnitine.
Circumstances that may increase carnitine requirements. Use of carnitine
supplements. Carnitine supplements: Conclusions. Creatine. Nature and
origins of body creatine. Functions of creatine. Rationale and evidence for
the use of creatine supplements. Coenzyme Q10 (ubiquinone). Nature and
sources of coenzyme Q10. Functions of coenzyme Q10. Rationale and evidence
for the use of coenzyme Q10 supplements. Alpha(±)-lipoic acid. Nature and
sources of body alpha-lipoic acid. Functions of alpha-lipoic acid.
Rationale and evidence for the use of alpha-lipoic acid supplements.
Methylsulphonylmethane (MSM). Nature and sources of MSM. MSM as a
supplement. 8 Natural Products and Extracts. Scope of the chapter.
Secondary plant metabolites. Terpenoids. Phenolic compounds (phenols and
polyphenols). Nitrogen-containing alkaloids. Sulphur-containing plant
secondary metabolites. How might these secondary metabolites reduce the
risk of chronic disease? Natural extracts as a source of drugs. The
individual plant and animal extracts. Agnus castus. Aloe vera. Bee
products. Chitosan. Echinacea. Garlic. Ginger. Ginkgo biloba. Ginseng.
Guarana. Kelp. Milk thistle. Saw palmetto. Spirulina and chlorella. St
John's wort (Hypericum perforatum). Tea extracts. 9 Functional Foods.
Introduction and scope of the chapter. A note about 'superfoods'.
Phytosterols and phytostanols. Phyto-oestrogens. Probiotics, prebiotics and
synbiotics. Definitions and scale of usage. The lactic acid bacteria.
Breast milk and the 'bifidus factor'. What makes a good probiotic?
Suggested benefits of probiotics. Effect of probiotics on incidence and
severity of diarrhoea. Possible effects of probiotics on the risk of
developing bowel cancer. Probiotics and the prevention of childhood eczema.
Prebiotics. Synbiotics. References. Index.