Produktbild: Solar Energy at Urban Scale

Solar Energy at Urban Scale

226,99 €

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Beschreibung

Details

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

18.06.2012

Herausgeber

Benoit Beckers

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons Inc

Seitenzahl

382

Maße (L/B/H)

24,1/15,9/2,7 cm

Gewicht

706 g

Auflage

1. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-84821-356-2

Beschreibung

Details

Einband

Gebundene Ausgabe

Erscheinungsdatum

18.06.2012

Herausgeber

Benoit Beckers

Verlag

John Wiley & Sons Inc

Seitenzahl

382

Maße (L/B/H)

24,1/15,9/2,7 cm

Gewicht

706 g

Auflage

1. Auflage

Sprache

Englisch

ISBN

978-1-84821-356-2

Herstelleradresse

Libri GmbH
Europaallee 1
36244 Bad Hersfeld
DE

Email: Libri GmbH

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  • Produktbild: Solar Energy at Urban Scale
  • Introduction xiii

    The Authors xvi

    Chapter 1. The Odyssey of Remote Sensing from Space: Half a Century of Satellites for Earth Observations 1
    Théo PIRARD

    1.1. To improve the weather forecasts 2

    1.2. Technological challenges to spy and to map from orbit 3

    1.3. Toward global environmental observers in space 6

    1.4. The digital revolution of the ICTs for GIS applications 9

    1.5. Suggested reading 12

    Chapter 2. Territorial and Urban Measurements 13
    Marius PAULESCU and Viorel BADESCU

    2.1. Solar radiation at the Earth's surface 13

    2.2. Instrumentation 17

    2.3. Radiation measurements in urban environment 29

    2.4. Conclusions 33

    2.5. Acknowledgments 33

    2.6. Bibliography 33

    Chapter 3. Sky Luminance Models 37
    Matej KOBAV and Grega BIZJAK

    3.1. CIE standard overcast sky (1955) 39

    3.2. CIE standard clear sky (1996) 39

    3.3. CIE standard general sky 40

    3.4. All-weather model for sky luminance distribution - Perez 45

    3.5. ASRC-CIE model 48

    3.6. Igawa all-sky model 49

    3.7. Absolute luminance 52

    3.8. Visualization 54

    3.9. Conclusion 54

    3.10. Bibliography 55

    Chapter 4. Satellite Images Applied to Surface Solar Radiation Estimation 57
    Bella ESPINAR and Philippe BLANC

    4.1. The solar resource 57

    4.2. Ground measurements of the solar resource 60

    4.3. Satellite images for SSI estimation 64

    4.4. Two different approaches for satellite-based SSI estimation 68

    4.5. Accuracy of satellite-based SSI estimations 74

    4.6. Use of satellite observations for high-resolution solar radiation estimation78

    4.7. Bibliography 92

    Chapter 5. Worldwide Aspects of Solar Radiation Impact 99
    Benoit BECKERS

    5.1. Global energy budget at the Earth level 99

    5.2. The distribution of solar radiation on the Earth's surface 102

    5.3. The Sun at different latitudes 107

    5.4. The solar diagrams 108

    5.5. Climate and housing 111

    5.6. Solar energy at urban scale 113

    5.7. Conclusions and perspectives 115

    5.8. Bibliography 117

    Chapter 6. Local Energy Balance 119
    Pierre KASTENDEUCH

    6.1. Introduction 119

    6.2. Soil-vegetation-atmosphere transfer model 120

    6.3. Physiographic data and boundary conditions 121

    6.4. Solar radiation transfers 123

    6.5. Infrared radiation transfers 129

    6.6. Other heat fluxes 131

    6.7. Conclusions 134

    6.8. Bibliography 135

    Chapter 7. Evapotranspiration 139
    Marjorie MUSY

    7.1. Physical bases 140

    7.2. Related interest of different types of evapotranspirating surfaces 142

    7.3. From microscale to city scale: the modeling approaches 149

    7.4. Conclusions154

    7.5. Bibliography 154

    Chapter 8. Multiscale Daylight Modeling for Urban Environments 159
    John MARDALJEVIC and George M. JANES

    8.1. Introduction 159

    8.2. Background160

    8.3. Visualizing the urban solar microclimate 167

    8.4. The ASL building: a solar access study 173

    8.5. Daylighting the New York Times building 180

    8.6. Summary 187

    8.7. Acknowledgments 187

    8.8. Bibliography 187

    Chapter 9. Geometrical Models of the City 191
    Daniel G. ALIAGA

    9.1. Introduction 191

    9.2. Forward procedural modeling 194

    9.3. Inverse procedural modeling 196

    9.4. Simulation-based modeling 199

    9.5. Example systems 200

    9.6. Bibliography 200

    Chapter 10. Radiative Simulation Methods 205
    Pierre BECKERS and Benoit BECKERS

    10.1. Introduction 205

    10.2. Geometry 206

    10.3. Loading 218

    10.4. Computation model 223

    10.5. Transient thermal coupled problem 232

    10.6. Conclusion 234

    10.7. Bibliography 234

    Chapter 11. Radiation Modeling Using the Finite Element Method 237
    Tom van EEKELEN

    11.1. Basic assumptions 237

    11.2. Visibility and view factors 239

    11.3. Thermal balance equations 245

    11.4. Finite element formulation 250

    11.5. Example problems 254

    11.6. Bibliography 257

    Chapter 12. Dense Cities in the Tropical Zone 259
    Edward NG

    12.1. Introduction 259

    12.2. Access to the sky 261

    12.3. Designing for daylight 266

    12.4. Designing for solar access 272

    12.5. Designing with solar renewable energy 281

    12.6. Conclusion 287

    12.7. Bibliography 288

    Chapter 13. Dense Cities in Temperate Climates: Solar and Daylight Rights 291
    Guedi CAPELUTO

    13.1. Introduction 291

    13.2. Solar rights in urban design 292

    13.3. Solar envelopes as a design tool 293

    13.4. Solar envelopes as a tool for urban development 295

    13.5. Regulations and applications 297

    13.6. Methods of application 299

    13.7. A simple design tool 300

    13.8. Modeling the building shape for self-shading using the solar collection envelope 302

    13.9. Daylight rights 306

    13.10. Daylight access 306

    13.11. Conclusions 308

    13.12. Bibliography 309

    Chapter 14. Solar Potential and Solar Impact 311
    Frédéric MONETTE and Benoit BECKERS

    14.1. Methodological considerations 312

    14.2. Definition of the residential area 312

    14.3. Estimation of irradiance and solar gains 319

    14.4. Estimation of energy needs for heating 321

    14.5. Results analysis 322

    14.6. Perspectives and conclusions 331

    14.7. Acknowledgments 332

    14.8. Bibliography 332

    Conclusion 335
    Benoit BECKERS

    APPENDICES 339

    Appendix 1. Table of Europe's Platforms (Micro- and Minisatellites) for Earth Observations 341
    Théo PIRARD

    Appendix 2. Commercial Operators of Earth Observation (EO) Satellites (as of January 1, 2012) 347
    Théo PIRARD

    Appendix 3. Earth's Annual Global Mean Energy Budget 355
    Benoit BECKERS

    List of Authors 357

    Index 361