Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 39. Chapters: Caddo, Caddoan peoples,
Pawnee people, Binger, Oklahoma, Ghost Dance, Yowani Choctaws,
Spiro Mounds, Caddoan Mississippian culture, Stomp dance, Caddoan
Mounds State Historic Site, Fourche Maline culture, Pacaha, Arikara
people, Caddoan languages, Casqui, T. C. Cannon, Caddo language,
Turkey dance, Nadaco, Kichai people, Yatasi, Nacogdoche, Neche
tribe, Kadohadacho, Tula people, Cahinnio, Nasoni, Eyeish,
Nabedache, Dush-toh, Ouachita people, Nanatsoho, Nechaui, Adai
people, Koroa, Sagamite, Nacono, Nabiti, John Wilson, Caddoan
village bundle, LaRue Parker, Hasinai, Doustioni, Hainai, Treaty of
Tehuacana Creek, Ka-Do-Ha Indian Village, Natchitoches people.
Excerpt: The Pawnee (also Paneassa, Pari, Pariki) are a
Caddoan-language Native American tribe that historically lived
along outlying tributaries of the Missouri River: the Platte, Loup
and Republican Rivers in present-day Nebraska and in Northern
Kansas. They were one of the dominant tribes on the Great Plains
and followed a way of life whose major patterns had been continuous
since about 1250 CE. In the 1830s, they still numbered about 12,000
people, as they had escaped some of the depredations of exposure to
Eurasian infectious diseases. They have a ritual named Trails of
Tears From Nebraska to Oklahoma where they were exiled. By 1859,
their numbers were reduced to about 3,400 and they entered a
reservation in Nebraska. Still subject to pressure from Lakota and
European Americans, finally, most accepted relocation to a
reservation in Oklahoma. This is where the nation primarily lives
today. The Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma is federally recognized. Their
autonym is Chaticks-si-Chaticks, meaning "Men of men".
There are approximately 3,210 enrolled Pawnee, with 1,725 living in
Oklahoma. Their tribal headquarters is in Pawnee, Oklahoma and
George E. Howell is their President. They issue their own vehicle
license tags, operate their housing authority, and maintain two
casinos, four smoke shops, two fuel stations, and one truck stop.
Their estimated economic impact is $10.5 million. The Pawnee were
divided into two large groupings-the Skidi-Federation living in the
north and the so-called South Bands (which were further divided
into several villages). While the Skidi-Federation were indeed the
most populous group of Pawnee, the Chaui were generally the
political leading group, although each band was autonomous. As was
typical of many Indian tribes, each band saw to its own. In
response to pressures from the Spanish, French and Americans, as
well as neighboring tribes, the Pawnee began to draw closer
together. South Bands Pawnee lodges near Genoa, Nebraska (1873)
Geophysical image
