Handel and Maurice Greene's Circle at the Apollo Academy - Gardner, Matthew

Matthew Gardner 

Handel and Maurice Greene's Circle at the Apollo Academy

The Music and Intellectual Contexts of Oratorios, Odes and Masques

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Handel and Maurice Greene's Circle at the Apollo Academy

The Apollo Academy, a musical club founded in 1731 by Maurice Greene and his friend Michael Christian Festing, was the performance location of various oratorios, odes and masques produced by composers in Greene's circle of friends, colleagues and pupils. Many of the works performed both in and outside the academy meetings are based on subjects such as Jephtha, Deborah and the choice of Hercules which were well known in eighteenth-century England and also attracted the attention of Handel. This long-overdue study explores these works in terms of their intellectual contexts (political, religious, social and cultural), comparing them to Handel's compositions on the same or similar subjects. Additionally, detailed source information and musical analysis of the works is included as well as a discussion of the competition between Handel and his English contemporaries in order to provide a fuller picture of the diverse musical and cultural life in London during the first half of the eighteenth century. Matthew Gardner is a lecturer in Music at Ruprecht-Karls-Universität, Heidelberg, Germany.

Produktinformation
  • Verlag: V&R Unipress
  • 2009
  • Ausstattung/Bilder: 2008. 363 p.
  • Seitenzahl: 363
  • Abhandlungen zur Musikgeschichte Bd.15
  • Deutsch
  • Abmessung: 248mm x 167mm x 33mm
  • Gewicht: 854g
  • ISBN-13: 9783899715125
  • ISBN-10: 3899715128
  • Best.Nr.: 25632589

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"The Reception of the Biblical Narrative in Early Eighteenth-Century London (S. 26-27)

In 1704, this story became associated with the Duke of Marlborough’s victory over the French and Bavarians at Blenheim on 13 August – a key event in the War of Spanish Succession.26 As a result of the victory, Queen Anne made 7 September a day of public celebration and also ordered Blenheim Palace in Oxfordshire to be built for the Duke at her own expense. As part of the celebrations, thanksgiving services were held throughout the country with Queen Anne in attendance at St Paul’s Cathedral.

The story of Deborah and Barak was the subject of several sermons given on the day both in the capital and elsewhere by John Evans (Chester and Wrexham), John Grant (Rochester), Alexander Jepheson (Camberwell) and Luke Milbourne (London) amongst others.27 At the service in St Paul’s, the subject of the sermon (delivered by the Dean, William Sherlock) was based on Psalm 58; one of the Anthems, Awake, Awake, Utter a Song by John Blow, however, takes its text from Judges V – The Song of Deborah and Barak.28 The words were published in a collection of anthems, Divine Harmony, in 1712 and the music survives in manuscript form.

The reason for the narrative’s association with Marlborough’s victory is neatly summed up in the opening words of John Evan’s sermon preached at Chester and Wrexham: ‘The Triumphant Song of Deborah, of which these Words make a part, is founded on a glorious Deliverance so parallel to the present Solemnity, that it easily occurs at this time to any one conversant with the Sacred Writings’. Furthermore, Evans goes on to compare ‘what we are now before God to commemorate with the Subject of this Song’.31 The first parallel which he outlines is that both the victory at Blenheim and in Judges IV–V occurred under the rule of a woman and was brought about by a ‘general of her nomination’.

Secondly, Evan’s suggests that the enemy of Britain is not unlike the enemy which Israel faced in the Bible, although Britain has not been reduced under the French power as much as the Israelites were under Jabin’s.33 The French are nevertheless seen to have been the ‘scourge’ and ‘terror’ of Europe for much longer than the 20 years that Jabin oppressed the Israelites.34 Thirdly, the Israelites were oppressed by the Canaanites whom, in the past, they had always defeated in battle, making Jabin’s rule over Israel all the more difficult to bear. Britain had also frequently conquered the French in previous generations but in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries had ‘suffered’ owing to their actions.35 Fourthly, Evans parallels the magnitude of the victories."
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