When William Golding was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature, the Nobel Foundation said of his novels that they 'illuminate the human condition in the world of today'. Born in Cornwall in 1911, Golding was educated at Marlborough Grammar School and Brasenose College, Oxford. Before becoming a writer, he was an actor, a lecturer, a small-boat sailor, a musician and a schoolteacher. In 1940 he joined the Royal Navy and saw action against battleships, submarines and aircraft, and also took part in the pursuit of theBismarck. Lord of the Flies, his first novel, was rejected by several publishers and one literary agent. It was rescued from the 'slush pile' by a young editor at Faber and Faber and published in 1954. The book would go on to sell several million copies; it was translated into 35 languages and made into a film by Peter Brook in 1963. He wrote eleven other novels,The InheritorsandThe Spireamong them, a play and two essay collections. He won the Booker Prize for his novelRites of Passagein 1980, and the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1983. He was knighted in 1988. He died at his home in the summer of 1993.